疑問句主要用來提出問題。按其語法結(jié)構(gòu)和交際功能可分為以下 4 種：一般疑問句、特殊疑問句、選擇疑問句和反意疑問句

Are you a fireman? 你是一名消防員嗎？(一般疑問句)

What do you do at the weekend? 你周末干什么？ (特殊疑問句)

Would you like to have rice or noodles? 你喜歡吃米飯還是面條？ (選擇疑問句)

He is a Chinese teacher, isnt he? 他是一名漢語老師，不是嗎？(反意疑問句)

一、一般疑問句(yes-no question)

一般疑問句通常用來詢問一件事情或一種情況是否屬實(shí)，其回答通常是 yes 或 no，因此這類問句又叫做“是非問句”

1、肯定提問

Is there something wrong with this machine? 這臺(tái)機(jī)器有問題嗎

Have you got todays milk? 你拿到今天的牛奶了嗎

Shall we go on? 我們繼續(xù)向前嗎

Must I finish my work on time? 我必須按時(shí)完成我的工作嗎

Can you speak French? 你會(huì)說法語嗎

Would you like me to interpret for you? 要不要我?guī)湍惴g

Do you have a smaller size? 你有小一點(diǎn)的尺寸嗎

Does Susan speak English? 蘇珊講英語嗎

Did you mom go shopping last weekend? 你媽媽上個(gè)周末去買東西了嗎

2、否定提問

Will he not agree with you? 他不同意你嗎

Havent you any sisters? 你沒有姐妹嗎

Dont you like this movie? 你不喜歡這部電影嗎

Cant we go together? 我們不能一起去嗎

Wont you sit down? 你不想坐下嗎

Hasnt she been up to the mark lately? 最近她一直感到不太舒服嗎

3、回答

Will you agree with us to come here? 你同意我們來這里嗎

Yes, we will. 是的，我們會(huì) | No, we wont. 不，我們不會(huì)

Have got todays newspaper? 你有今天的報(bào)紙嗎

Yes, I have. 是的，有 | No, I havent. 不，沒有

Cant he afford a new house? 他買不起新房嗎

Yes, he can. 不，他能 | No, he cant. 是的，他不能

二、特殊疑問句(special question)

特殊疑問句是對(duì)句中的某一部分提出疑問，通常以 who、where、when、why等疑問詞開頭，因此又叫“wh-問句”

1、疑問代詞

疑問代詞：who、whom、whose、which、what

Who are you? 你是誰

Whom are you going to play table tennis this afternoon? 今天下午你和誰打乒乓球

Whose glasses are broken? 誰的眼鏡打碎了

Which shoes do you like? 你喜歡哪雙鞋子

What do they want to do? 他們想要做什么

2、疑問副詞

疑問副詞：when、where、why、how

When does she want to practice? 她想要什么時(shí)候練習(xí)

Where is the restroom? 洗手間在哪里

Why did you leave? 你為什么離開了

How do you study English? 你怎么學(xué)習(xí)英語

3、how 構(gòu)成的短語

how 構(gòu)成的短語：how about = what about 怎么樣、how many times 多少次、how do you say... 你怎么說、how are you 普通問好、how many/much 多少、how old 多大年紀(jì)、how far 多遠(yuǎn)、how often 多久一次、 how long 多久、how soon 多久以后等

How about bringing some ice cream? 帶一些冰激凌怎么樣

How do you say this word in English? 你怎么用英語說這個(gè)單詞

How are you? how are you 只是普通問好的方式。他們不需要你給出一個(gè)詳細(xì)答案。普通人只會(huì)回答 Im fine

How many bananas are in the basket? 這個(gè)籃子里有多少香蕉

How much water does the jug hold? 這個(gè)罐子能裝多少水

How many times have you tested this? 你們測試了多少次

How old are you? 你多大了（英語中沒有虛歲一說）

How far can you throw? 你能扔多遠(yuǎn)

How often do you visit your grandmother? 你多久去拜訪你的奶奶

How long are you staying in Britain? 你在英國待了多久了

How soon can you deliver some more? 你多久能再送來一些

三、選擇疑問句(alternative question)

選擇疑問句是對(duì)問題提出兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的答案供對(duì)方選擇的疑問方式

1、以一般疑問句為基礎(chǔ)

Shall we go by bus or by train? 我們乘汽車還是乘火車？

Shall I give you a hand, or you can manage? 要我?guī)湍?，還是你自己解決？

2、以特殊疑問句為基礎(chǔ)

Which do you prefer, coffee or tea? 你要哪一樣，咖啡還是茶？

Coffee or tea? 咖啡還是茶？

Which do you like best, singing, dancing or skating? 唱歌、跳舞和溜冰，你最喜歡哪樣？

四、反意疑問句(tag question)

反意疑問句又稱為附加疑問句，英語稱為 tag question，是一種常用于口語的疑問句式，主要由“陳述句(或祈使句) + 疑問句”構(gòu)成，疑問句部分的動(dòng)詞要與陳述句部分的動(dòng)詞相對(duì)應(yīng)，疑問句中的主語要與陳述句中的主語相對(duì)應(yīng)，如果陳述部分的主語是名詞詞組，則疑問句部分用相應(yīng)的代詞表示

1、祈使句

祈使句出現(xiàn)時(shí)，恒以 will you 形成反問；以 lets 起首的祈使句出現(xiàn)時(shí)，恒以 shall we 形成反問

Study hard, will you？要用功，好不好？

Dont do it, will you? 不要做這件事，好不好？

Let me go, will you? 讓我走，好不好？

Lets stop here, shall we? 我們?cè)谶@里停下，好嗎？

Lets do it, shall we? 咱們做這件事吧，好不好？

2、陳述句

陳述句有 be 動(dòng)詞時(shí)，以該 be 動(dòng)詞形成反問；陳述句有助動(dòng)詞（will、shall、can、have...）時(shí)，以該助動(dòng)詞形成反問；陳述句只有動(dòng)詞時(shí)，按主語人稱及該動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)，置 do、does、did 形成反問

(1) 前肯后否

There is wifi at this cafe, isnt there? 在這個(gè)咖啡廳有無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)，對(duì)嗎？

The clock is slow, isnt it? 表走得慢，對(duì)嗎？

Your are good at math, arent you? 你擅長數(shù)學(xué)，對(duì)嗎？

John is going to study English, isnt he? John 會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)英文，對(duì)嗎？

陳述句含有 would rather(寧愿)、ought to(應(yīng)當(dāng))、had better(最好) 等短語助動(dòng)詞時(shí)，以第一個(gè)詞形成反問

You would rather stay here, wouldnt you? 你寧愿待在這里，不是嗎？

He had better not do it, had he? 他最好不要做這件事，不是嗎？

(2) 前否后肯

She cant play the violin, can she? 她不能拉小提琴，對(duì)嗎？

陳述句含有 scarcely、hardly、rarely、no doubt、little、never、by no means 等否定副詞或短語時(shí)，該陳述句為否定句，須接肯定反問

He can hardly sing, can he? 他幾乎不會(huì)唱歌，不是嗎？

He is by no means nice, is he? 他絕不是個(gè)好人，不是嗎？

Your parents seldom beat you, did they? 你父母很少打你，對(duì)嗎？

Nobody wants to go there, does he? 沒人想去那里，對(duì)嗎？

Neither you nor I am good at English, are we? 你和我都不擅長英語，對(duì)嗎？

(3) 反問部分恒用代詞

John looks handsome, doesnt he?

That is good, isnt it?

These will do, wont they? 這些就可以了，不是嗎

There 起首的陳述句中，由于 There 是副詞而非代詞，故仍應(yīng)使用 there 而非 it 形成反問

There is a man there, isnt there? 那里有個(gè)人，不是嗎

There have been so many problems recently, havent there? 最近問題很多，不是嗎

(4) need 和 dare 反問部分用 do

He needed to go, didnt he?

He doesnt need our help, does he?

He need not go, need he? = He doesnt need to go, does he?

He dares to do it, doesnt he?

He didnt dare to do it, did he?

He dare not do it, dare he? = He doesnt dare to do it, does he?

(5) 主語表示意見接 that 從句

a、陳述句中第一個(gè)人稱單數(shù)主語 I 表示意見或觀點(diǎn)而接 that 從句時(shí)，以 that 從句形成反問

I think that he is nice, isnt he?

I dont think that he can do it, can he?

b、 但主語若為 I 以外的主語，則應(yīng)按句首形成反問

We think that he is nice, dont we?

It is his belief that Peter will come, isnt it?

3、回答

無論哪種形式的反意疑問句，回答時(shí)要遵循 “Yes + 肯定式” 或者 “No + 否定式”

Tom borrowed your pen yesterday, didnt he? 湯姆昨天借了你的鋼筆，是嗎？

Yes, he did. 是的，他借了 | No, he didnt. 不，他沒錯(cuò)

The man never came here, did he? 這人從來不來這里，是嗎？

Yes, he did. 不，他來的 | No, he didnt. 是的，他不來