href="">第一章 動詞的時態(tài)

英語中不同時間和方式發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)要用謂語動詞的不同形式來表示，這種表示動作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生時間和方式的動詞形式稱作動詞時態(tài)。時態(tài)的種類如下，但在初高中階段，表格右下角加注的四種時態(tài)一般不需要掌握。

href="">第1講 一般現(xiàn)在時

一般情況下，表示現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的動作，用現(xiàn)在進行時；表示過去發(fā)生的動作用一般過去時，表示將來要發(fā)生的動作用一般將來時；表示過去、現(xiàn)在、將來都發(fā)生的動作用一般現(xiàn)在時。看下圖所示。

She is crying now. (現(xiàn)在進行時)

She cried loudly yesterday. (一般過去時)

I will get up at six tomorrow. (一般將來時)

We have breakfast at seven every day. (一般現(xiàn)在時)

ref="">考點1. 一般現(xiàn)在時的概念及謂語構(gòu)成

A. 一般現(xiàn)在時的概念

經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作或存在的某種狀態(tài)。

B. 常用時間狀語

always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, etc.

C. 謂語構(gòu)成

①系動詞be要用：am, is或 are

②實義動詞：用原形或第三人稱單數(shù)形式

They usually go to school by bike.

I take the medicine three times a day.

She helps her mother once a week.

Mary’s father is a policeman.

ref="">考點2. 動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)

A. 什么是第三人稱單數(shù)

在一般現(xiàn)在時中，如果句子主語是單數(shù)第三人稱（參看P.210第1講），謂語動詞一般要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式（即一般在詞尾加-s或-es，簡稱“單三”形式）。

I/ You/ We/ They plant trees in spring.

He/ She/ Tom/ My father plants flowers in the garden.

B. 動詞第三人稱單數(shù)變法規(guī)則（參看P.256考點7）

C. 動詞第三人稱“單數(shù)”要與名詞“復(fù)數(shù)”區(qū)分開來

看這個句子：He watches TV every day.

曾有同學(xué)說：“老師，這句話錯了。he 后應(yīng)跟單數(shù)形式，你怎么把watch用成復(fù)數(shù)形式watches了呢？應(yīng)當(dāng)是：He watch TV every day. /They watches TV every day.”

敢問敢說就好！記?。和窃诤竺婕?s或-es，加在名詞后面是名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，如：bikes, boxes。加在動詞后面是動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式，如：catches, goes。

練習(xí)1. 用括號內(nèi)動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空

1. We/You (你們)/They ______ (go) to school every day.

2. Tom and Mike ______ (like) playing basketball.

3. His children ______ (enjoy) watching cartoons.

4. Tom ______ (help) his mother with housework on Sunday.

5. My brother ______ (wash) his clothes himself.

6. Your sister ______ (have) a teddy bear.

7. Their son ______ (make) his bed by himself.

8. He / She ______ (keep) a diary every day.

ref="">考點3. 一般現(xiàn)在時的否定句及疑問句的構(gòu)成

A. 一般現(xiàn)在時否定句的構(gòu)成

① 謂語中有系動詞am/is/are時，在其后加not。

② 謂語動詞是實義動詞原形時，在其前加don’t；若謂語動詞是實義動詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式，則用doesn’t，同時實義動詞恢復(fù)原形。

B. 一般現(xiàn)在時一般疑問句的構(gòu)成

① 謂語中有系動詞be的，把系動詞be提至句首；

② 謂語動詞是行為動詞原形的，在句首加助動詞do；若謂語動詞是實義動詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式，則在句首加does，同時謂語動詞恢復(fù)為動詞原形。

They are in Shanghai now.

→They are not in Shanghai now. (否定句)

→Are they in Shanghai now?(一般疑問句)

→Yes, they are./No, they aren’t.

They like playing football.

→They don’t like playing football. (否定句)

→Do they like playing football? (一般疑問句)

→Yes, they do./ No, they don’t.

He does his homework at home.

→He doesn’t do his homework at home. (否定句)

→Does he do his homework at home? (一般疑問句)

→Yes, he does./ No, he doesn’t.

練習(xí)2. 把下面句子變?yōu)榉穸ň?、一般疑問句并作肯定和否定回答，然后對畫線部分提問

9. She goes shopping on Sunday.

→She ______ ______ shopping on Sunday.

→______ she ______ shopping on Sunday?

→Yes, she______./ No, she ______.

→When ______ she ______ shopping?

10. They have lunch at school on weekdays.

→They ______ ______lunch at school on weekdays.

→______ they have lunch at school on weekdays?

→Yes, they______./ No, they ______.

→Where______ they have lunch on weekdays?

11. He has a walk in the park every day.

→He ______ ______ a walk in the park every day.

→______ he ______ a walk in the park every day?

→Yes, he______./ No, he ______.

→Where______ he ______ a walk every day?

ref="">考點4. 什么情況下要用一般現(xiàn)在時

A. 表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作，常與always, often, never, every day等頻度副詞連用

1. 【2010遼寧】 I ______ all the cooking for my family, but recently I’ve been too busy to do it.

A. will do B. do C. am doing D. had done

B. 表示主語現(xiàn)在所具備的個性、能力或特征

Ann enjoys listening to the radio.

Miss White speaks Chinese very well.

2. I ______ playing basketball, but I haven’t played for years.

A. have liked B. liked C. like D. had liked

3. 【浙江】This machine ______. It hasn’t worked for years.

A. didn’t work B. wasn’t working

C. doesn’t work D. isn’t working

4. 【1996全國】—Can I help you, sir?

—Yes, I bought this radio here yesterday, but it ______.

A. didn’t work B. won’t work

C. can’t work D. doesn’t work

5. 【2017江蘇】He’s been informed that he ______ for the scholarship because of his academic background.

A. hasn’t qualified B. hadn’t qualified

C. doesn’t qualify D. wasn’t qualifying

href="">C. 表示客觀事實、普遍真理；或用在格言警句中

此時，即使主句是一般過去時，賓語從句仍用一般現(xiàn)在時。(參看P. 99考點1)

Columbus proved that the earth is round.

哥倫布證明地球是圓的。

“I soon learned how everything works in America,” the grandfather told the friend.

我不久就得知了在美國事情是如何運轉(zhuǎn)的。（“得知”是過去得知，所以用過去式，而在美國“事情以何種方式運作”確是長期不變的客觀事實，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時。）

6. Darwin proved that natural selection ______ the chief factor in the development of species.

A. has been B. had been C. is D. was

7. 【2009福建】According to the literary review, Shakespeare ______ his characters live through their language in his plays.

A. will make B. had made C. was making D. makes

8. Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea, which ______ the Pacific, and we met no storms.

A. was called B. is called

C. had been called D. has been called

9. 【2012全國新課標】“Life is like walking in the snow,” Granny used to say, “because every step ______.”

A. has shown B. is showing C. shows D. showed

href="">D. 表示按規(guī)定、時間表、計劃或安排要發(fā)生的動作

Are you on duty next weekend? 下周末你值班嗎？

The train leaves at five. 火車五點開出。

注意：在此用法中，句中通常有具體的時間狀語。

10. Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026 ______ off at 18:20.

A. takes B. took C. will be taken D. has taken

11. —When ______ the next train leave for Boston, please?

—Usually at 13:15 but because of a small accident on the line, it ______ at 13:45.

A. does; is going to start B. will; starts

C. does; will start D. will; is to start

12. —What are you going to do this afternoon?

—I am going to the cinema with some friends. The film ______ quite early, so we ______ to the bookstore after that.

A. finished; are going B. finished; go

C. finishes; are going D. finishes; go

href="">E. 用于表示“確?！钡纫饬x的短語后的賓語從句中

make sure (確保)，take care (當(dāng)心、注意)，be careful (小心)，see (to it)（照料；注意）等短語后的賓語從句中，也可用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來意義。

Make sure it does not happen again.

要確保別再發(fā)生這樣的事。

Be careful that you don’t hurt her feelings.

當(dāng)心別傷了她的感情。

Please see (to it) that these children don’t catch cold.

請當(dāng)心別讓孩子感冒。

13. 【2010全國II】Linda, make sure the tables ______ before the guests arrive.

A. be set B. set C. are set D. are setting

href="">F. 用于I hope , I bet等后的賓語從句

一般用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來意義，但有時也可直接用將來時態(tài)。

I hope that you like /will like it.

你希望你會喜歡它。

I bet it rains/will rain tomorrow.

我打賭明天會下雨。

G. tell, say

, hear, learn等在表示不確定的過去時間時，可以用一般現(xiàn)在時(參看P. 99考點1)

John tells me you will leave tomorrow.

約翰

告訴我你明天離開。

I hear that he got married again last month.

我聽說他上個月又結(jié)婚了。

Mary says that you told her to come over here.

瑪麗

說是你讓她到這兒來的。

H. 表示正在發(fā)生的動作，常用于解說迅速短暫的動作

Here comes the bus.

There goes the bell.

John passes the ball to Francis. Francis shoots.

I. 單句改錯

1. It make me feel uncomfortable.

2. Does he likes swimming?

3. He doesn’t his best.

4. She doesn’t plays football.

5. Their father enjoy reading newspapers.

6. 【2006四川】He looked up at us and said，“I just want to know what the sign say.”

7. 【2014四川】Hello, boys and girls! Today, I am going to talk about what you should do when a fire alarm go off.

8. I heard you will come to visit China next week.

II. 語法填空

9. 【2009福建】Mr. Smith offers us some advice on how to write a good composition, which ______ (include) the following steps.

10. 【2013重慶】A Midsummer Night’s Dream ______ (open) at the Theatre Royal on 19th June, and then tours throughout Scotland.

11. She ______ (go) to the library every week.

12. My father doesn’t ______ (work) on Sundays.

13. Your sister ______ (do) well in all her subjects.

14. 【2015福建】Sometimes we have disagreements with people. When this ______(happen), the important thing is to try not to let a calm discussion turn into a heated argument.

15. It is thought that Chinese kung fu ____ (date) back to primitive society.

III. 寫作技能提升

16. 高老師今年教我們英語，她對我們很友好。（and）

17. 我母親每天很早就起來為我們做飯。（cook）

18. 她英語說得很流利。（fluently）

19. 我父親不允許我回家晚。（allow）

20. 我希望他度過一個愉快的生日。（hope, have a happy birthday）

21. 我們快一點，火車4點30分開。（leave）

href="">第2講 一般過去時/a>，一般將來時，過去將來時

ref="">考點1. 一般過去時的概念及謂語構(gòu)成

A. 一般過去時的概念

表示過去某個時間里發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)；過去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動作、行為；過去主語

所具備的能力和性格。

B. 常用時間狀語

ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week (year, night, month…), in 2010, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.

C. 謂語構(gòu)成

① 系動詞be要用：was或were

② 實義動詞要用過去式

I had a word with Julia this morning.

Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella when she lived here.

I was late yesterday.

ref="">考點2. 一般過去時的否定句及疑問句的構(gòu)成

A. 一般過去時的否定句的構(gòu)成

① was/were + not；

② 在實義動詞前加didn’t，并把實義動詞還原為原形。

B. 一般過去時一般疑問句的構(gòu)成

① 把was或were提至句首；

② 句首加助動詞did，原謂語動詞用原形。

He was ill last week.

→He wasn’t ill last week.(否定句)

→Was he ill last week?(一般疑問句)

→Yes, he was. /No, he wasn’t.

He bought a car yesterday.

→He didn’t buy a car yesterday. (否定句)

→Did he buy a car yesterday? (一般疑問句)

→Yes, he did./ No, he didn’t.

練習(xí)：把下面句子變?yōu)榉穸ň?、一般疑問句并作肯定和否定回答，然后對畫線部分提問

1. He began to learn English last year.

→He ______ ______ to learn English last year.

→______ he ______ to learn English last year?

→Yes, he ______./ No, he ______.

→When ______ he begin to learn English？

2. He left Xi’an for Beijing yesterday.

→He ______ ______ Xi’an for Beijing yesterday.

→______ he ______Xi’an for Beijing yesterday?

→Yes, he ______. / No, he ______.

→When ______ he ______ Xi’an for Beijing?

ref="">考點3. 什么情況下用一般過去時

A. 動作行為發(fā)生在過去

1. 【2013安徽】I’m calling about the apartment you ______ the other day. Could you tell me more about it?

A. advertised B. had advertised

C. are advertising D. will advertise

2. 【2012北京】George said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he ______.

A. wouldn’t B. didn’t C. hasn’t D. hadn’t

3. 【2012北京】—Have you heard about that fire in the market?

— Yes, fortunately no one ______.

A. hurt B. was hurt

C. has hurt D. had been hurt

B. when和where有時也可作為過去時的標志

4. 【2012江蘇】 The president hopes that the people will be better off when he quits than when he ______.

A. has started B. starts

C. started D. will start

5. Where do you think ______ he ______ the computer?

A. had; bought B. has; bought

C. did; buy D. /; bought

href="">C. I didn’t know you were here.

當(dāng)說“我不知道你在這兒”這句話時，其實已經(jīng)知道了，因此“不知道”是在過去不知道，所以要用一般過去時。

6. 【2009重慶】—I’ve got to go now.

—Must you? I ______ you could stay for dinner with us.

A. think B. thought

C. have thought D. am thinking

7. 【2009全國I】Edward, you play so well. But I ______ you played the piano.

A. didn’t know B. hadn’t known

C. don’t know D. haven’t known

8. 【2010全國II】Excuse me, I ______ blocking your way.

A. didn’t realize B. don’t realize

C. haven’t realized D. wasn’t realizing

ref="">考點4. 一般將來時的概念及謂語的構(gòu)成

A. 一般將來時的概念

表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計劃或準備做某事。

B. 常用時間狀語

tomorrow, next day (week, month), soon, in a few minutes, by…, the day after tomorrow, etc.

C. 謂語構(gòu)成

①am/is/are going to + do

②will/shall + do

I am going to do some washing tomorrow.

我明天打算洗衣服。

He won’t play basketball tomorrow.

他明天不打籃球。

ref="">考點5. 表示將來動作或狀態(tài)常用的五種結(jié)構(gòu)

① will/shall+動詞原形

② be going to+動詞原形

③ 現(xiàn)在進行時be doing (參看P.144考點4）

④ be to+動詞原形(參看P.142考點7)

⑤ 一般現(xiàn)在時 (參看P.150考點1)

ref="">考點6. be going to 與 will 的區(qū)別

A. 預(yù)言時有跡象表明的用be going to，只是說明自己的看法不一定有跡象的用will

It is clear that we’re going to see a huge growth in shopping on the Internet.

很明顯，我們會看到網(wǎng)絡(luò)購物會有大的增長。（有證據(jù)表明，用be going to）

Personally, I think housing prices will drop next year.

我認為房價明年會下跌。（只是表達自己的觀點）

練習(xí)：選用will, be going to完成句子

(You are going to buy a computer.)

“I hope it ______ be cheap.”

(There is only ten minutes left and the score is 100︰56.)

Russia ______ lose.

答案：will; is going to

B. be going to表示事先的打算，will表示臨時的決定

C. 在表示天氣時，be going to 表示已有跡象表明

9. 【2015北京】—Dr. Jackson is not in his office at the moment.

—All right. I ______ him later.

A. will call B. have called

C. call D. will be calling

10. 【2009江蘇】—Ann is in hospital.

—Oh, really? I ______ know. I ______ go and visit her.

A. didn’t; am going to B. don’t; would

C. don’t; will D. didn’t; will

11. 【2007全國II】—Tom, you didn’t come to the party last night?

—I ______, but I suddenly remembered I had homework to do.

A. had to B. didn’t C. was going to D. wouldn’t

12. Look at these black clouds—there ______ a storm.

A. is to be B. is going to be

C. is about to be D. be

ref="">考點7. be to do 的用法

A. 表示按計劃安排要做的事

She is to be married next month.

她將于下個月結(jié)婚。

B. 表示“可以，可能”，相當(dāng)于may, can

The news is to be found in the evening paper.

這條消息可以在晚報上見到。

C. 表示“必須”，相當(dāng)于must, have to

The letter is to be handed to him in person.

這封信必須親手交給他。

D. 表示“應(yīng)該”，相當(dāng)于should, ought to

You are to report to the police.

你應(yīng)該報警。

E. 用于否定句，表示“禁止”，相當(dāng)于mustn’t

The books in this room are not to be taken outside.

這個室內(nèi)的書籍不得帶出室外。

F. 表示“想，打算”，相當(dāng)于intend, want

If we are to be there before ten, we’ll have to go now.

如果我們要在十點前到，我們現(xiàn)在就得走。

13. 【2010全國I】The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune ______.

A. is made B. would make

C. was to be made D. had made

14. If you ______ succeed, you must work hard.

A. shall B. are going to

C. will D. are to

15. 【1994上?！?Either you or the headmaster ______ the prizes to these gifted students at the meeting.

A. is handing out B. are to hand out

C. are handing out D. is to hand out

16. 【2015陜西】At college, Barack Obama didn’t know that he ______ the first black president of the United States of America.

A. was to become B. becomes

C. is to become D. became

17. Such people are ______.

A. respect B. to respect

C. to be respecting D. to be respected

ref="">考點8. 過去將來時

A. 過去將來時的概念

立足于過去某一時刻，從過去看來要發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)，常用于賓語從句中。

B. 常用時間狀語

the next day (morning, year…), the following month (week…), etc.

C. 謂語構(gòu)成

① was/ were going to + do

② would/ should + do

He told me he would go to Beijing.

他“將”去北京是從他告訴我時看來“將”要去，很可能從現(xiàn)在看來已經(jīng)去過了。

They said they were going to visit the Great Wall the next day.

他們“將”參觀長城是從他們說的時候看來“將”去，很可能現(xiàn)在看來已經(jīng)去參觀過了。

18. In a room above the store, where a party ______, some workers were busy setting the table.

A. was to be held B. has been held

C. will be held D. is being held

19. 【2015浙江】Albert Einstein was born in 1879. As a child, few people guessed that he ______a famous scientist whose theories would change the world.

A. has been B. had been

C. was going to be D. was

I. 單句改錯

1. Did you saw him last Friday?

2. He said he prefer to do it alone.

3. He didn’t found his pen yesterday.

4. Anyway, we would have many more chances to get together.

5. I think you would face some difficulties in your study because Chinese is not easy to learn.

6. — I’ve bought a box of chocolates for our daughter.

—Oh, how good a dad! But she doesn’t like sweet things, don’t you know that?

7. He said he will fly to Japan next week. (兩個錯誤)

8. 【2016全國II】I thought that it is a good idea.

9. 【2015課標I】When I was a child, I hoped to live in the city. I think I would be happy there.

10. 【2015浙江】In the mornings, it was full of students exercising. The view from the back of the classroom is also splendid.

11. 【2009寧夏】I remember asking for a room as far away from the lifts as possible and they find me a comfortable one on the second floor.

II. 語法填空

12. 【2014新課標II】A boy on a bike______ (catch) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms.

13. 【2012 陜西】He ______(promise）that he would come，but he hasn’t turned up yet.

14. In 2017, the March for Science ______ (occur) on Earth Day.

15. —Have you heard me?

—I’m sorry. I ______ know you ______ speaking to me.

16. 【2008全國II】If the weather had been better, we could have had a picnic. But it ______(rain) all day.

17. —Sorry, I forgot to post the letter for you.

—Never mind. I ______ post it myself.

18. 【2015課標I】It was raining lightly when I ______ (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.

19. 【2015廣東】While making great efforts to run away, she ______ (fall) over the hill and died.

III. 寫作技能提升

20. 最近我們舉行了一次關(guān)于學(xué)生在學(xué)校是否應(yīng)該使用手機的討論。（hold a discussion about, mobile phones）

21. 我在那個小學(xué)上過6年學(xué)。

22. 我不知道你已經(jīng)出國了。（go abroad）

23. 我認為房價明年會降。（personally, I think, housing prices, drop）

24. 如果你想上重點大學(xué)，你的英語必須很優(yōu)秀。（be to, a key college, excellent）

25. 像我們班主任這樣的人理應(yīng)受到尊重。（such…as, head teacher, be to, respect）

26. 他說如果我遇到麻煩他會幫助我的。（said, run into trouble）

27. 【2016上?！?0世紀末中國經(jīng)濟迅速發(fā)展。（witness）

href="">第3講 現(xiàn)在進行時，過去進行時，將來進行時

ref="">考點1. 現(xiàn)在進行時的概念及謂語構(gòu)成

概念：表示現(xiàn)階段或說話時正在進行的動作。

常用時間狀語：now, at this time, these days, etc.

謂語構(gòu)成：am/ is/ are + doing

A. 表示說話時正在進行的動作

They are playing table tennis now.

他們現(xiàn)在正在打乒乓球。

1. 【2014北京】— Hi, let’s go skating.

— Sorry, I’m busy right now. I ______ in an application form for a new job.

A. fill B. have filled C. am filling D. will fill

B. 表示當(dāng)前這個時間段或現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作（說話時未必在進行）

Mr. Green is writing another novel.（這一段時間在寫，但說話時未必在寫）

2. Since I won the big prize, my telephone hasn’t stopped ringing. People ______ to ask how I am going to spend the money.

A. phone B. will phone

C. were phoning D. are phoning

3. 【2012重慶】Food supplies in the flood-stricken area ______. We must act immediately before there’s none left.

A. have run out B. are running out

C. have been run out D. are being run out

4. Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology ______ rapidly.

A. is changing B. has changed

C. will have changed D. will change

ref="">考點2. 過去進行時的概念及謂語構(gòu)成

概念：表示過去某段時間或某一時刻正在發(fā)生或進行的行為或動作。

常用時間狀語：at this time yesterday, at that time。

謂語構(gòu)成：was/ were + doing

href="">A. 表示過去某一時刻正在進行的動作

5. 【2007 江西】—Ouch! You hurt me!

—I am sorry. But I ______ any harm. I ______ to drive a rat out.

A. didn’t mean; tried B. don’t mean; am trying

C. haven’t meant; tried D. didn’t mean; was trying

6. —What were you doing when Tony phoned you?

—I had just finished my work and ______ to take a shower.

A. had started B. started

C. have started D. was starting

7. 【2012四川】—Did you catch what I said?

—Sorry. I ______ a text message just now.

A. had answering B. have answered

C. would answer D. was answering

href="">B. 表示過去某個階段正在進行的行為或動作

8. Susan decided not to work on the program at home because she didn’t want her parents to know what she ______.

A. has done B. had done C. was doing D. is doing

9. 【2008湖南】I called Hannah many times yesterday evening, but I couldn’t get through. Her brother ______ on the phone all the time!

A. was talking B. has been talking

C. has talked D. talked

10. 【2013湖南】—I don’t understand why you didn’t go to the lecture yesterday afternoon.

—I’m sorry. But I _____ my homework.

A. had done B. was doing C. would do D. am doing

ref="">考點3. 將來進行時的概念及謂語構(gòu)成

概念：表示將來某一時間正在進行的動作

。

常用時間狀語：soon, this evening，on Sunday, by this time，tomorrow, etc.

謂語構(gòu)成：shall/ will + be + doing

A. 基本用法：表示將來某一時刻或某一階段正在進行的 動作

11. 【2015天津】Jane can’t attend the meeting at 3 o’clock this afternoon because she ______ a class at that time.

A. will teach B. would teach

C. has taught D. will be teaching

12. 【2012 陜西】—Can I call you back at two o’clock this afternoon?

—I’m sorry, but by then I ______ to Beijing. How about five?

A. fly B. will fly

C. will be flying D. am flying

13. 【2013江蘇】—Could I use your car tomorrow morning?

—Sure. I ______ report at home.

A. will be writing B. will have written

C. have written D. have been writing

href="">B. 特殊用法：常表示一種客觀上要發(fā)生的情況，可以表示計劃安排或預(yù)測

Please come tomorrow afternoon, I’ll be having a meeting tomorrow morning. (計劃安排)

After you take the medicine, you will be feeling much better.（表示預(yù)測）

14. —Can you take a message for Mr. Brown?

—Certainly. I ______ him about something else in any case, so it ______ any bother.

A. may see; isn’t B. see; won’t be

C. will see; is D. will be seeing; won’t be

15. 【2010福建】 —Guess what, we’ve got our visas for a short-term visit to the UK this summer.

—How nice! You ______ a different culture then.

A. will be experiencing

B. have experienced

C. have been experiencing

D. will have experienced

ref="">考點4. 進行時表示將來

表示位移的動詞和詞組如arrive，come，drive，fly，go，leave，start，travel，stay，remain，land，close, begin, open, move, finish, take off和動詞do與have（表示吃、喝），可以用進行時表示將來時間。此時，在句中或在上下文中通常有表示將來時間的狀語，否則意義便會含糊不清：

I’m going to the park this Sunday.

He is leaving tomorrow.

The neighbors are coming in to watch television.

表示將來的進行時除用于位移的動詞外，亦可用于某些非位移動詞，如buy, see, die, have, meet, read, depend等。現(xiàn)在進行時表將來時常有“意圖” “安排”或“打算”的含義。這種現(xiàn)在進行時比較生動，給人一種期待感。

I’m meeting you after class. 課后我找你。

She is buying a new bike soon.

她不久將買一輛新自行車。

16. 【2004浙江】Because the shop ______, all the T-shirts are sold at half price.

A. has closed down B. closed down

C. is closing down D. had closed down

17. 【2007北京】—It was really very kind of you to give me a lift home.

—Oh, don’t mention it. I ______ past your house anyway.

A. was coming B. will come

C. had come D. have come

18. 【2013新課標Ⅱ】We very early so we packed the night before.

A. leave B. had left C. were leaving D. have left

19. 【2014重慶】James has just arrived, but I didn’t know he ______ until yesterday.

A. will come B. was coming

C. had come D. came

ref="">考點5. 進行時表示沒有完成

20. 【2004全國】—Has Sam finished his homework today?

—I have no idea. He ______ it this morning.

A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had done

21. 【1998全國】Shirley ______ a book about China last year but I don’t know whether she has finished it.

A. has written B. wrote C. had written D. was writing

22. I ______ to help you but I was not able to spare any time. I ______ a paper last night and I’ll have to finish it today.

A. wanted; having been writing

B. have wanted; wrote

C. had wanted; wrote

D. had wanted; was writing

ref="">考點6. 進行時表示暫時的行為或狀態(tài)

A. 用進行時表示暫時的情況

He is working in Beijing now. 他現(xiàn)在在北京工作。

（暗含的意思是：他在這之前可能沒在北京工作，過一段時間也可能到別的地方工作?，F(xiàn)在在北京工作可能是暫時的。）

23. I don’t really work here, but I ______ until the new secretary arrives.

A. just help out B. have just helped out

C. am just helping out D. will just help out

B. be后跟表示活動、行為類的形容詞作表語時

可以用于進行時，表示“短暫的行為或狀態(tài)”。（參看P.22考點3）

24. 【2011全國I】I wasn’t sure if he was really interested or if he ______ polite.

A. was just being B. will just be

C. had just been D. would just be

ref="">考點7. 進行時和always連用，表示“贊賞”“反對” “埋怨”等情緒

并非強調(diào)動作正在進行, 而是給經(jīng)常、反復(fù)性的動作添上感情色彩, 表示“贊賞” “反對”或“埋怨”等各種情緒, 用以加強語氣。常與進行時連用的此類副詞還有 forever, continually, constantly, perpetually 等。

A. 表示“責(zé)備”“埋怨”“厭煩”“惱怒”“反對”

You are always leaving things about.

你總是到處亂丟東西。

Why are you forever forgetting people’s names?

為啥你老是記不住別人的名字?

B. 表示“贊賞”“喜悅”“驚訝”等

She is constantly doing her homework carefully.

她做作業(yè)一直都很細心。

She is forever thinking of others. 她時刻關(guān)心他人。

He is always helping others. 他總是樂于助人。

25. —Look! You’ve made the same mistake again!

—Oh, not again! ______ such a mistake.

A. I will always make B. I’m always making

C. I’ve always made D. I always made

26. You ______ television. Why not do something more active?

A. always watch

B. are always watching

C. have always watched

D. have always been watching

27. He ______ of how he could do more for the people .

A. will always think B. is always thinking

C. has always thought D. does always think

ref="">考點8. hope，think，wonder等用過去進行時使請求的語氣更加委婉

I was wondering if you could do me a favor.

我想請你幫個忙。

ref="">考點9. 不用進行時的情況（僅供了解）

一些表示事實狀態(tài)的動詞（None-action Verbs），只說明存在的事實，沒有動作的發(fā)生，因此不用進行時。

A. 表示“擁有所屬”等事實狀態(tài)的詞

have, belong, possess, exist, include, contain, etc.

B. 表示心理狀態(tài)的詞

know, think (認為), believe, suppose, imagine, remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hate, etc.

C. 表示狀態(tài)的系動詞

seem, remain, smell, feel, taste, etc.

28. ______ this dictionary ______ to your brother?

A. Does; belong B. Is; belonged

C. Has; been belonged D. Is; belonging

I. 單句改錯

1. It raining heavily now.

2. They planting trees on the farm at the moment.

3. Hurry up! Mark and Carl expecting us.

4. I’m writting to tell you about my life here.

5. 【2006四川】When our six children were young, supper time is always being interrupted by neighborhood children ringing the bell.

II. 語法填空

6. As a man ______ (pass) the elephants, he suddenly stopped, confused by the fact that these huge creatures were being held by only a small rope.

7. 【2010陜西】The local government ______（正在討論）how to help the poor in the countryside.

8. We ______ (have) a meeting from 2：00 to 4：00 yesterday afternoon.

9. Daniel’s family ______ (enjoy) their holiday in Huangshan this time next week.

10. 【2011重慶】Look at the pride on Tom’s face. He ______ (seem) to have been praised by the manager just now.

11. 【2015湖南】He must have sensed that I ______ (look) at him. He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly, “Why are you staring at me like that?”

III. 寫作技能提升

12. 我們正在栽樹，這時下起雨來了。（plant trees, when, begin to rain）

13. 他總是幫助別人。（always, help others）

14. 你不必買那么貴的手機?？萍及l(fā)展很快，即使最新的型號也會很快就過時。（expensive, cell phone, technology, develop rapidly, the newest model, out of date）

15. 既然你總是玩電子游戲，你怎能趕上別人呢？（how can, when, always, play video games）

16. 明天的這個時候我們就會在一起高興地交談。我急不可待地想見到你。（talk together happily, can’t wait to）

17. 我寫信想申請幾天前在《中國日報》廣告上登的那個職位。

href="">第4講 現(xiàn)在完成時，現(xiàn)在完成進行時

ref="">考點1. 現(xiàn)在完成時的概念及謂語構(gòu)成

概念：過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。

常用時間狀語：recently, lately, since…, for…, in the past few years, etc.

謂語構(gòu)成：have/ has + done

A. 表示過去的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果；不能和表示過去的時間狀語連用

“現(xiàn)在完成時”強調(diào)的是“現(xiàn)在”的情況，因此不能和表示過去的時間狀語連用。（和表示過去的時間狀語連用時，就是在說明過去情況了。）如：

They have arrived.（他們已經(jīng)到了。等于說：They are here now.）

They arrived half an hour ago. (他們半小時前來了，只是說明半小時前來這個事實，并不能說明現(xiàn)在在這里，或許現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在這里了。)

They have arrived half an hour ago. (是錯句。現(xiàn)在完成時不能和表示過去的時間狀語連用。)

1. 【2012江西】—Look! Somebody ______ the sofa.

—Well, it wasn’t me. I didn’t do it.

A. is cleaning B. was cleaning

C. has cleaned D. had cleaned

2. 【2012浙江】—Alvin , are you coming with us?

—I’d love to, but something unexpected ______.

A. has come up B. was coming up

C. had come up D. would come up

3. 【2018北京】—Hi, I’m Peter. Are you new here?

I haven’t seen you around？

—Hello, Peter. I’m Bob. I just ______ on Monday.

A. start B. have started C. started D. had started

B. 表示從過去一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)

He has lived here for ten years. 他在這里住十年了。

他住在這里這個動作從十年前開始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，現(xiàn)在還住在這里或者剛剛搬走。所以用現(xiàn)在完成時。

4. 【2008江西】—Do you think we should accept that offer?

—Yes, we should, for we ______ such bad luck up till now, and time ______ out.

A. have had; is running B. had; is running

C. have; has been run D. have had; has been run

5. 【2012湖南】—I remember you were a talented pianist at college. Can you play the piano for me?

—Sorry, I ______ the piano for years.

A. don’t play B. wasn’t playing

C. haven’t played D. hadn’t played

ref="">考點2. 現(xiàn)在完成時的標志詞

A. 標志詞since/for

I haven’t seen him since he left. (since是連詞)

I haven’t seen him ever since he left.

(ever起強調(diào)作用，意為at any time，在任何時候)

I haven’t seen him (ever) since. (省略后since是副詞)

for后面常跟表示一段時間的詞或詞組。如果這一段時間延續(xù)到過去已經(jīng)結(jié)束，句子要用一般過去時；如果這一段時間一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，句子要用現(xiàn)在完成時。如：

I worked there for three years. 我在那里上過3年班。

I have lived here for five years. 我住在這里已經(jīng)5年了。

6. I’m glad to see that he ______ great progress since I ______ him last.

A. will make; have met B. has made; have met

C. had made; met D. has made; met

7. 【2004上?！縏he first use of atomic weapons was in 1945, and their power ______ increased enormously ever since.

A. is B. was C. has been D. had been

8. 【2009全國1】His sister left home in 1998, and ______ since.

A. had not been heard of B. has not been heard of

C. had not heard of D. has not heard of

9. 【2000全國】—How are you today?

—I ______ as ill as I do now for a very long time.

A. didn’t feel B. wasn’t feeling

C. don’t feel D. haven’t felt

注意：It has been three years since he left.也可以說

It is three years since he left. (參看P.152考點7)

href="">B. in/over/during the past/last few years；in recent years

10. Great changes ______ in my hometown in the past few years.

A. were taken place B. have been taken place

C. took place D. have taken place

11. 【2019江蘇】The musician along with his band members _____ten performances in the last three months.

A. gives B has given C. have given D. give

12. 【2013北京】Shakespeare’s play Hamlet ______ into at least ten different films over the past years.

A. had been made B. was made

C. has been made D. would be made

13. 【2013浙江】During the last three decades, the number of people participating in physical fitness programs ______ sharply.

A. was increasing B. has increased

C. had increased D. will be increasing

href="">C. already, yet, recently, so far, lately, up to now

already（已經(jīng)）用于肯定句，在否定句和疑問句中要變?yōu)閥et。yet在否定句中譯作“還”，在疑問句中譯作“已經(jīng)”。實際yet此時的本義是“到目前為止”。already偶爾也用于疑問句，但并不是表示疑問，而是表示吃驚。

He has already come back. 他已經(jīng)回來了。

He hasn’t come back yet. 他還沒有回來。

Has he come back yet? 他已經(jīng)回來了嗎？

Has he come back already? So quickly.

他已經(jīng)回來了？這么快！

14. 【2007 江蘇】—______ you ______ him around the museum yet?

—Yes. We had a great time there.

A. Have; shown B. Do; show

C. Had; show D. Did; show

15. —What happened in that new area?

—New houses ______ recently over there.

A. are built B. build

C. have built D. have been built

16. 【2008福建】So far this year we ______ a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent.

A. saw B. see C. had seen D. have seen

17. 【2010山東】Up to now, the program ______ thousands of children who would otherwise have died.

A. would save B. saves C. had saved D. has saved

href="">D. 包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時間狀語如this year, today等

18. 【2004江蘇】More patients ______ in hospital this year than last year.

A. treated B. have treated

C. had been treated D. have been treated

19. ______ my sister three times today but her line was always busy.

A. I’d phoned B. I’ve been phoning

C. I’ve phoned D. I was phoning

E. just是現(xiàn)在完成時的標志，just now是一般過去時的標志

He has just come back. 他剛剛回來。

He came back just now. 他剛才回來了。

ref="">考點3. 完成時中要注意動詞的延續(xù)和非延續(xù)

動詞按其動作發(fā)生的方式、動作發(fā)生過程的長短，可分為延續(xù)性動詞和非延續(xù)性動詞。

A. 延續(xù)性動詞表示的動作能夠延續(xù)

如：work，stand, know, walk, keep, have, wait, read, sleep, live, stay等。延續(xù)性動詞可以與表示時間段的狀語連用。表示時間段的短語：for+時間；since從句。

I have lived here for ten years.

我在這里生活10年了。

She slept eight hours yesterday.

她昨天睡了8個小時。

B. 非延續(xù)性動詞也稱終止性動詞、瞬間動詞，表示的動作不能夠延續(xù)

這種動作發(fā)生后立即結(jié)束。如：open, die, close, begin, finish, borrow, lend, buy等。非延續(xù)性動詞

在肯定句中與表示時間點的狀語連用，如：two years ago; at 5 o’clock。但不能和表示時間段的時間狀語連用。

如：He died ten years ago. 不能說：He died for ten years.

否定的終止性動詞可以與表示時間段的時間狀語連用。如:

I haven’t left here for 3 years.

I haven’t heard from him for 3 weeks.

C. 延續(xù)性動詞與非延續(xù)性動詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)換

leave → be away borrow → keep

buy → have begin/start → be on

die → be dead finish → be over

fall ill → be ill get up → be up

become → be come back → be back

fall asleep → be asleep get to/ arrive/reach → be (in)

leave →be away from get to know → know

put on→ wear catch a cold→ have a cold

get married → be married

join → be in+機構(gòu)/ be a member of

如：The old man died 4 years ago.

→The old man has been dead for 4 years.

I bought the book 5 days ago.

→I have had the book for 5 days.

20. They ______ here for more than a month.

A. have arrived B. have reached

C. have come D. have been

21. He was taken into hospital last week. In fact he ______ ill for three months.

A. has fallen B. has got C. had fallen D. had been

22. Comrade Wang ______ the Party for about three years.

A. has attended B. has joined

C. has been in D. has taken part in

23. He has ______ for three or four days.

A. got a headache B. fallen ill

C. caught a cold D. had a cough

24. By the time I got to the cinema, the movie ______ for ten minutes.

A. had begun B. had been on

C. has started D. has been on

25. I ______ my hometown for a long time. I really miss it!

A. left B. went away from

C. have left D. have been away from

26. —How long have you ______ the motorbike?

—For about two weeks.

A. bought B. had C. borrowed D. lent

27. Today is Thursday, and Tom lost his bike last Sunday. We may say “______”.

A. Tom has lost his bike four days ago

B. Tom has lost his bike for four days

C. Tom lost his bike for four days

D. It’s four days since Tom lost his bike

ref="">考點4. 現(xiàn)在完成時在賓語從句中可表示在將來某一時間之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動作

If he asks for me, tell him that I have left for Paris.

We can only hope that she will soon see how foolish she has been.

28. 【2010全國Ⅰ】When you are home, give a call to let me know you _______ safely.

A. are arriving B. have arrived

C. had arrived D. will arrive

ref="">考點5. 現(xiàn)在完成進行時的概念及謂語構(gòu)成

概念：表示動作從過去某一時間開始，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，或者剛剛終止，或者可能仍然要繼續(xù)下去。

① We are so tired. We have been cycling in the forest all morning. (動作剛剛結(jié)束)

② —Hi, Carl, you look really fit.

—I have been going everywhere by bike.（動作一直進行到現(xiàn)在，有可能繼續(xù)下去）

③ I have been living here for twenty years. （狀態(tài)一直進行到現(xiàn)在，有可能繼續(xù)下去）

注意：1. 現(xiàn)在完成進行時所表示的動作可以用于對現(xiàn)在造成影響或結(jié)果（如①，②），也可用于沒對現(xiàn)在造成影響或結(jié)果（如③）。

2. 可以用于重復(fù)性動作（如②），也可用于一直進行的動作或狀態(tài)（如①，③）。

常用時間狀語：since …, for …

謂語構(gòu)成：have/ has + been doing

A. 現(xiàn)在完成進行時有時可以和現(xiàn)在完成時換用

現(xiàn)在完成時的第二種用法表示從過去開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。

It has rained all day.

整天都在下雨。

I have waited for you for an hour.

我等你等了一個小時。

把這兩個句子用現(xiàn)在完成進行時表達為:

It has been raining all day.

I have been waiting for you for an hour.

這樣的動詞，用現(xiàn)在完成時和現(xiàn)在完成進行時差別不大，但用完成進行時描述味兒更濃些，強調(diào)動作一直都在進行。

B. 現(xiàn)在完成進行時有時不能和現(xiàn)在完成時換用

現(xiàn)在完成時的第一種用法表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。

He has read the book. 他已經(jīng)讀過那本書。

We have cleaned the classroom. 我們已經(jīng)打掃過教室。

這樣的動詞用現(xiàn)在完成進行時，則不表示過去的動作已結(jié)束，而表示動作從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。

He has been reading the book.

他一直都在讀這本書。

We have been cleaning the classroom.

我們一直都在打掃教室。

29. 【2010湖南】I’m tired out. I ______ all afternoon and I don’t seem to have finished anything.

A. shopped B. have shopped

C. had shopped D. have been shopping

30. 【2015福建】—Where is Peter? I can’t find him anywhere.

—He went to the library after breakfast and ______ his essay there ever since.

A. wrote B. had written

C. has been writing D. is writing

31. 【2013福建】The girl has a great interest in sport and ______ badminton classes twice a week over the last three years.

A. took B. is taking

C. takes D. has been taking

鏈接：it is/ was the first time+現(xiàn)在/過去完成時

（參看P. 151考點6）

I. 單句改錯

1. 【2005湖北】Since long ago, many adults and children called their friends together to spend hours, even days playing games.

2. 【2012重慶】I have been missing you very much after I went to college a year ago.

3. 【2008遼寧】It is five years now since I graduate from No. 3 High School.

4. 【2005福建】I am very pleased to say that all of us greatly improved our spoken English so far.

5. I heard you have come back yesterday.

6. I have bought this dictionary for five years.

7. Before liberation, I have left my motherland.

8. I have moved here for many years.

9. In the past three years, I worked as an editor in our school.

II. 語法填空

10. 【2019全國Ⅰ】In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut ____ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements.

11. 【2016上?！縄n recent years, stress______ (regard) as a cause of a whole range of medical problems, from high blood pressure to mental illness.

12. 【2014湖北】So far the well-known journalist ______ (accumulate) more than 4,000 interviews with famous people.

13. However, thanks to the international agreement, there ______ (be) much less illegal hunting since 1990.

14. 【2013湖北】The chief engineer together with his colleagues ______(look) for new scientific methods of farming since five years ago.

15. 【2011天津】In the last few years thousands of films ______ (produce）all over the world.

16. 【2019全國Ⅱ】I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ____ (make) over the years.

17. Never ______ Dongfang Liang felt sleepy in class ever since, and he has made great progress in study.

18. Up to now, the work ______ (be) quite smooth.

19. I ______ (work) in the bookshop and living in my cottage ever since.

20. For thousands of years, the festival ______ (mark) by eating zong zi and racing dragon boats.

21. For years researchers ______ (attempt) to show that television is dangerous to children.

III. 寫作技能提升

22. 他2000年搬到這里，自那之后他一直住在這里。（move, live, ever since）

23. 在過去幾年，我國的科技發(fā)展得很快。（science and technology, develop rapidly, past few years）

24. 他感冒已經(jīng)快一個星期了，他是上周一得的感冒。（have a cold, catch a cold）

25. 近來，我一直都在為即將到來的考試做準備，我感到身心疲憊。(prepare for, exhausted, physically and mentally)

href="">第5講 過去完成時>，過去完成進行時，將來完成時

ref="">考點1. 過去完成時的概念及謂語構(gòu)成

概念：表示過去某一時間或動作以前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了的動作，它表示動作發(fā)生的時間

是“過去的過去”。

常用時間狀語：before, by the end of last year (month, term … ), etc.

謂語構(gòu)成：had + done

A. 表示某一動作在過去某一時間或動作之前已經(jīng)完成

常與by, before等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語連用，也常見于賓語從句和定語從句中。在敘述過去發(fā)生的兩個動作時，用過去完成時來表明這個動作在另一個動作之前。

By the end of last term, we had learned 5,000 new words.

He said that his father had gone to Beijing.

Mr. Smith died yesterday. He had been a good friend of mine.

1. 【2008北京】The hotel wasn’t particularly good. But I ______ in many worse hotels.

A .was staying B. stayed

C. would stay D. had stayed

2. 【2014北京】I found the lecture hard to follow because it ______when I arrived.

A. started B. was starting

C. would start D. had started

3. 【2015安徽】Just as I got to the school gate, I realized I ______ my book in the cafe.

A. have left B. had left

C would leave D. was leaving

4. 【2016天津】When walking down the street, I came across David, who I _____ for years.

A. didn’t see B. haven’t seen

C. hadn’t seen D. wouldn’t see

href="">B. 表示從過去某一時間延續(xù)到過去另一時間的動作或狀態(tài)

John was fired (解雇) last week. He had worked in the factory for almost two years.

他在那個工廠工作這個動作從過去開始，延續(xù)到上周（過去另一時間）結(jié)束，所以要用過去完成時。

5. 【2010江蘇】—Peter, where did you guys go for the summer vacation?

—We ______ busy with our work for months, so we went to the beach to relax ourselves.

A. were B. have been C. had been D. will be

6. 【2013遼寧】He was unhappy when he sold his guitar. After all, he ______ it for a very long time.

A. has had B. had had C. has D. had

7. 【2007 安徽】They became friends again that day. Until then, they ______ to each other for nearly two years.

A. didn’t speak B. hadn’t spoken

C. haven’t spoken D. haven’t been speaking

C. 句子用過去完成時，句中一般要有一個表示過去的時間（或含在語境中），這樣才能構(gòu)成“過去的過去”

8. 【2012全國新課標】I had been working on math for the whole afternoon and the numbers ______ before my eyes.

A. swim B. swum C. swam D. had swum

9. 【2012重慶】—Kevin, you look worried. Anything wrong?

—Well, I ______ a test and I’m waiting for the result.

A. will take B. took C. had taken D. take

ref="">考點2. 在有具體的時間狀語明確地表明兩個動作先后時，也可用一般過去時代替過去完成時

He said he moved here in 2009.

I went out to play after I finished my homework.

The plane left before we got there.

ref="">考點3. for引導(dǎo)一段時間不能作為過去完成時的標志

① He had worked in the factory for five years. ×

② He worked in the factory for five years. √

這里只是簡單地說明過去的情況，并沒有強調(diào)過去的一個動作發(fā)生在過去另一個動作之前，因此要用一般過去時，而不能用過去完成時。

10. 【2014福建】—Haven’t seen you for ages! Where have you been?

—I went to Ningxia and ______ there for one year, teaching as a volunteer.

A. stayed B. stay C. had stayed D. am staying

11. 【2012天津】The three of us ______ around Europe for about a month last summer.

A. travelled B. have travelled

C. had travelled D. travel

ref="">考點4. 過去完成進行時的概念及謂語構(gòu)成

概念：表示某個過去正在進行的動作或狀態(tài)

，持續(xù)到過去某個時刻。

常用時間狀語：before, since, etc.

謂語構(gòu)成：had +been doing

He gave up smoking last year. He’d been smoking for twenty years.

他去年戒煙了。（在這之前）他吸了20年煙。

She had been looking at the parcel for some time before she realized that it was for her mother.

她看了一會兒那個包裹，然后才意識到是給她母親的。

12. 【2011全國I】 When Alice came to, she did not know how long she ______ here.

A. had been lying B. has been lying

C. was lying D. has lain

ref="">考點5. 將來完成時的概念及謂語構(gòu)成

概念：表示在將來某一時間以前已經(jīng)完成或一直持續(xù)的動作。

常用時間狀語：before, by, etc.

謂語構(gòu)成：will have done

By the end of the month he will have worked here for ten years. 到本月末，他在這里工作就夠十年了。

They will have been married for 20 years by then.

到那時他們結(jié)婚就有20年了。

13. 【2011天津】On the next birthday, Ann ______ married for twenty years.

A. is B. has been

C. will be D. will have been

14. —I’ll come to see your performance at 9:00 tomorrow evening.

—I’m sorry, but by then my performance ______ and I ______ reporters in the meeting room.

A. will end; will meet

B. will have ended; will be meeting

C. will be ended; am going to meet

D. is to end; will meet

15. 【2019江蘇】They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals_____ by 2022 for the Beijing Winter Olympics.

A. will install B. will have been installed

C. are installed D. have been installed

I. 單句改錯

1. 【2004重慶】By the end of last year，my collection has grown to 3,000 words.

2. 【2006全國I】We had guests last night who have not stayed in a B & B hotel before.

3. 【2010全國II】She said it was the best gift she has ever had.

4. After dinner, they told me many interesting stories about Christmas that I have never heard of.

5. I had studied at the primary school for six years.

II. 語法填空

6. I don’t drink now, but I ever ______(drink) for almost ten years.

7. 【2007上海春】John had to have his car repaired in a garage because it ______(damage) seriously.

8. By the end of next month, they will ______ (marry) for ten years.

9. 【2016上?！縏hen it hit me—why would she not want to tell me about what she______(do)?

III. 寫作技能提升

10. 上星期他沒去青島旅游，因為他以前曾經(jīng)去過。（visit Qingdao）

11. 到下周末為止，我離開家將有兩個月了。（be away from, by the end of）

12. 他說他在那里已經(jīng)等了一個小時。（be waiting）

13. 當(dāng)他從昏迷中醒來之后，他意識到他已在那里躺了很長時間。（come to, realize, lie）

14.