一

Buzzwords fine, but be yourself, everybody else is already taken

?絡(luò)流?語(yǔ)很上頭，切記不要迷失?我

By Zhang Xi

Which words best describe or represent the eventful and volatile year that has been 2021? The answer may differ from person to person depending on their experiences, observations and outlook on life. Yet we may more or less agree with list of "Top 10 Chinese Social Media Buzzwords of 2021", which the National Center for Monitoring and Research on Language Resources released on Monday.

哪些詞語(yǔ)最能描述或代表2021年這事件頻發(fā)、復(fù)雜多變的?年？這個(gè)問題的答案可能因??異，取決于回答者的個(gè)?經(jīng)歷、對(duì)?活的觀察以及??觀。然?，我們或多或少都會(huì)認(rèn)可“2021年度???絡(luò)?語(yǔ)”榜單，該榜單由國(guó)家語(yǔ)?資源監(jiān)測(cè)與研究中?于周?（12?6?）發(fā)布。

Among the 10 words, some triggered debate on social media, attracting great public and official attention, even before the list was released.

在這10個(gè)?絡(luò)熱詞中，?部分甚?在榜單公布之前就已經(jīng)在社交媒體上引發(fā)了討論，引起了公眾和官?的?度關(guān)注。

For example, "lie flat", a term used to describe youngsters who give up all ambitions of achieving worldly success in life, and instead do the bare minimum to get by. Such people either want to evade competition and lead a non-ambitious life, or choose to live off their parents. 例如，“躺平”這個(gè)詞?來(lái)形容年輕?放棄了雄?壯志，不再追求實(shí)現(xiàn)世俗認(rèn)定的成功，反?不思進(jìn)取，得過且過。這樣的?或選擇逃避競(jìng)爭(zhēng)、低欲望?活，或不想?作、回家啃?。

Many say such people dont want to work hard and struggle for a better life. Others say those who "lie flat" choose to reject unduly fierce competition at school and work, emphasizing that young people are looking for new ways of developing their career and leading a meaningful life.

許多?說，“躺平”的?不想努??作，也不想為更美好的?活?奮?。也有?說，“躺平”的?是選擇拒絕學(xué)校和?作中過度激烈的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，強(qiáng)調(diào)年輕?是在尋找新的職業(yè)發(fā)展?向，過有意義的?活。

The term "double reduction" refers to a recent policy the government implemented to address the complexities in education, for example, by reducing the burden of homework and after-school tutoring classes on students in primary and junior high schools. The two words were also mentioned by Chinese Ambassador to the United States Qin Gang at an online forum in October when he shared with Americans seven buzzwords in China.

另?個(gè)例?是“雙減”。它是指政府近期為解決教育復(fù)雜性問題?實(shí)施的?項(xiàng)政策，政策內(nèi)容包括減輕中?學(xué)?的家庭作業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)和校外培訓(xùn)負(fù)擔(dān)。今年10?，中國(guó)駐美國(guó)?使秦剛在?個(gè)?絡(luò)論壇上也提到了“躺平”和“雙減” 這兩個(gè)詞，當(dāng)時(shí)他分享的內(nèi)容是中國(guó)的七個(gè)?絡(luò)流?語(yǔ)。

Among the other five words, "involution" refers to irrational or involuntary competition, which gives people a burned-out feeling and makes individual efforts less worthwhile. In these times of fierce competition, people tend to think success is more important than personal development, Qin said. Fortunately, the government has implemented the "double reduction" policy to address involution in education.

他分享的另外五個(gè)詞中，還有“內(nèi)卷”?詞。它是指?理性或??愿的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，給?以強(qiáng)烈的倦怠感，也使個(gè)?的努?變得越來(lái)越??輕重。秦剛表示，在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈的時(shí)代，?們往往認(rèn)為成功?個(gè)?發(fā)展更重要。幸運(yùn)的是，中國(guó)政府已經(jīng)實(shí)施了“雙減”政策來(lái)解決教育的內(nèi)卷化問題。

Apart from words closely related to young people, the name of a hit TV series, The Age of Awakening, is also on the list of social media buzzwords because of its special meaning. As 2021 marks the centenary of the founding of the Communist Party of China, the TV series, based on the events from 1915 to 1921 - a critical period leading up to the founding of the Party - has been a hot topic of discussion on social media since being telecast in February.

除了與年輕?聯(lián)系緊密的詞匯外，熱播劇《覺醒年代》的名字也因其特殊的含義?登上社交媒體熱詞榜。2021年是中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨成??百周年，《覺醒年代》正是講述了1915年?1921年這?建黨關(guān)鍵時(shí)期的歷史。?2?播出以來(lái)，它也因此成為社交媒體上熱議的話題。

New slang terms emerge every year; some soon go out of "fashion" while others remain popular for a long time and are even included in dictionaries. Language changes over time, a process that has been accelerated by the rapid global economic development. Buzzwords, especially those that enter a language through the internet add to the evolution of languages. Such words and phrases are normally short, easy to remember and use, and inject new vitality into the Chinese language.

每年，都會(huì)有新的俚語(yǔ)涌現(xiàn)。有的俚語(yǔ)很快就過時(shí)了，?有的則?期流?，甚?被收錄進(jìn)字典中。語(yǔ)?會(huì)隨著時(shí)間的推移?變化，這?過程因全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展?不斷加速。流?語(yǔ)，尤其是那些通過互聯(lián)?進(jìn)??種語(yǔ)?的?絡(luò)流?語(yǔ)，促進(jìn)了語(yǔ)?的發(fā)展。?絡(luò)流?語(yǔ)通常?較簡(jiǎn)短，便于記憶和使?，為漢語(yǔ)注?了新的活?。

二

月日晚，由美中關(guān)系全國(guó)委員會(huì)、美國(guó)乒協(xié)和中國(guó)乒協(xié)聯(lián)合舉辦的續(xù)寫友好情誼、開創(chuàng)美好未來(lái)中美乒乓外交周年紀(jì)念活動(dòng)在美國(guó)休斯敦舉行。中國(guó)駐美國(guó)大使秦剛、美國(guó)前國(guó)務(wù)卿基辛格以及中美兩國(guó)乒協(xié)負(fù)責(zé)人及各界來(lái)賓余人出席。那大家知道乒乓外交的故事嗎？今年的休斯敦世乒賽混雙打的怎么樣？讓我們一起來(lái)看今天的的文章。11月23日晚，由美中關(guān)系全國(guó)委員會(huì)、美國(guó)乒協(xié)和中國(guó)乒協(xié)聯(lián)合舉辦的“續(xù)寫友好情誼、開創(chuàng)美好未來(lái)——中美‘乒乓外交′50周年紀(jì)念活動(dòng)”在美國(guó)休斯敦舉行。中國(guó)駐美國(guó)大使秦剛、美國(guó)前國(guó)務(wù)卿基辛格以及中美兩國(guó)乒協(xié)負(fù)責(zé)人及各界來(lái)賓150余人出席。那大家知道乒乓外交的故事嗎？今年的休斯敦世乒賽混雙打的怎么樣？讓我們一起來(lái)看今天的ChinaDaily的文章。{\color{red}{11月23日晚，由美中關(guān)系全國(guó)委員會(huì)、美國(guó)乒協(xié)和中國(guó)乒協(xié)聯(lián)合舉辦的“續(xù)寫友好情誼、開創(chuàng)美好未來(lái)——中美‘乒乓外交’50周年紀(jì)念活動(dòng)”在美國(guó)休斯敦舉行。中國(guó)駐美國(guó)大使秦剛、美國(guó)前國(guó)務(wù)卿基辛格以及中美兩國(guó)乒協(xié)負(fù)責(zé)人及各界來(lái)賓150余人出席。那大家知道乒乓外交的故事嗎？今年的休斯敦世乒賽混雙打的怎么樣？讓我們一起來(lái)看今天的China Daily的文章。}}

Fifty years of Ping-Pong Diplomacy celebrated

慶祝中美“乒乓外交”50周年

By May Zhou in Houston

Qin Gang, Chinas ambassador to the United States, said that the story of "a small ball moving the big ball" ushered in the normalization of Sino-US relations in the 1970s and profoundly changed the international political landscape.

中國(guó)駐美國(guó)大使秦剛表示，20世紀(jì)70年代，“以小球推動(dòng)大球”的故事拉開了中美關(guān)系正?；男蚰?，深刻改變了國(guó)際政治格局。

"I sincerely hope that in 50 years time, the two peoples, especially young people, will know more about Ping-Pong Diplomacy and learn from history," Qin said in a pre-recorded video message that was aired on Tuesday in Houston, Texas, at a celebration of the 50th anniversary of Ping-Pong Diplomacy.

周二（11月23日），在德克薩斯州休斯頓慶祝“乒乓外交”50周年的儀式上，秦剛在提前錄制好的視頻中表示：“我真誠(chéng)希望50年后的今天，兩國(guó)人民特別是年輕人能夠了解‘乒乓外交’，從中得到歷史的啟示?！?/p>

The event was organized by the Chinese Table Tennis Association, the US Table Tennis Association and the National Committee on United States-China Relations during the 2021 World Table Tennis Championships. Young table tennis contestants from China and the US attended the event.

紀(jì)念活動(dòng)由中國(guó)乒協(xié)、美國(guó)乒協(xié)和美中關(guān)系全國(guó)委員會(huì)在2021年世乒賽期間舉辦。來(lái)自中美兩國(guó)的年輕乒乓球選手參加了此次活動(dòng)。

"Fifty years from the Ping-Pong Diplomacy, the China-US relationship is at a new crossroads," he added. "Today, the big ball of China-US relations still needs the small ping-pong ball to move it forward, from which we see the strategic vision, political courage and peoples friendship reflected in Ping-Pong Diplomacy back then, and this is why our commemoration is highly relevant and significant for today."

他補(bǔ)充說：“50年后，中美關(guān)系又處在新的十字路口。中美關(guān)系這個(gè)大球仍需要乒乓球這個(gè)小球來(lái)推動(dòng)，從中我們看到了當(dāng)年‘乒乓外交’所體現(xiàn)出的戰(zhàn)略遠(yuǎn)見、政治勇氣和人民友誼。這就是我們今天紀(jì)念它的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義所在?！?/p>

US statesman Henry Kissinger, speaking in a video message, recalled that as national security adviser to former president Richard Nixon, he and the president had "ambivalent feelings" about the private initiative taken by the US table tennis team to get invited to visit China.

美國(guó)政治家亨利·基辛格（Henry Kissinger）在視頻致辭中回憶說，作為前總統(tǒng)理查德·尼克松（Richard Nixon）的國(guó)家安全顧問，他和總統(tǒng)對(duì)美國(guó)乒乓球隊(duì)受邀訪華的私人提議有“矛盾的感覺”。

However, Kissinger noted, the visit went spectacularly well, with the athletes behaving like junior diplomats and their Chinese hosts being extraordinarily friendly and hospitable.

然而，基辛格指出，這次訪問非常順利，運(yùn)動(dòng)員們像初級(jí)外交官，中方也十分熱情好客。

"So, the ping-pong team went to China on a self-appointed diplomatic mission and made a great contribution. I want the table tennis community to know that even the seemingly peripheral events can contribute to international understanding and to peace among two great nations," Kissinger said.

基辛格最后說：“所以，美國(guó)乒乓球隊(duì)自發(fā)形成的外交使團(tuán)訪華，作出了巨大的貢獻(xiàn)。我很想讓乒乓球界知道，即便是這樣看似邊緣性的事件，也可以對(duì)增進(jìn)國(guó)際理解和兩個(gè)偉大國(guó)家之間的和平，作出多么大的貢獻(xiàn)啊?！?/p>

Zheng Huaiying and Liang Geliang, members of the 1971 Chinese table tennis team, sent their video greetings from China to their longtime US friends Connie Sweeris and Judy Hoarfrost, both of whom were members of the US table tennis team that made the historic trip to China in 1971.

1971年中國(guó)乒乓球隊(duì)隊(duì)員鄭懷穎和梁戈亮從中國(guó)向美國(guó)老朋友康妮·斯韋里斯（Connie Sweeris）和朱迪·霍夫羅斯特（Judy Hoarfrost）發(fā)來(lái)視頻問候，他們都是1971年來(lái)華訪問的美國(guó)乒乓球隊(duì)隊(duì)員。

Hoarfrost said she had played a virtual table tennis match with Liang during the pandemic and looked forward to meeting with Liang and Zheng next year at the World Table Tennis Championships in Chengdu, Sichuan province. She added that she hopes Ping-Pong Diplomacy will continue with the young generation.

霍夫羅斯特表示，她在疫情期間與梁戈亮打了一場(chǎng)虛擬乒乓球賽，并期待明年在四川成都舉行的世乒賽上與梁戈亮和鄭懷穎會(huì)面。她補(bǔ)充說，她希望“乒乓外交”能在年輕一代中繼續(xù)下去。

三

年月，世界銀行發(fā)布一版《大宗商品市場(chǎng)展望》，該報(bào)告呈現(xiàn)了內(nèi)國(guó)際石油和天然氣價(jià)格飆升的趨勢(shì)，并對(duì)未來(lái)油價(jià)走向做出預(yù)測(cè)：年原油價(jià)格將繼續(xù)上揚(yáng)，平均將達(dá)到美元桶，但到年，隨著全球生產(chǎn)恢復(fù)，原油價(jià)格將降至美元桶。使得油價(jià)居高不下的是疫情與減排的大背景之下政策與市場(chǎng)角力的結(jié)果。今天我們就來(lái)看看關(guān)于汽油價(jià)格的報(bào)道。2021年10月，世界銀行發(fā)布一版《大宗商品市場(chǎng)展望》，該報(bào)告呈現(xiàn)了Q3內(nèi)國(guó)際石油和天然氣價(jià)格飆升的趨勢(shì)，并對(duì)未來(lái)油價(jià)走向做出預(yù)測(cè)：2022年原油價(jià)格將繼續(xù)上揚(yáng)，平均將達(dá)到74美元/桶，但到2023年，隨著全球生產(chǎn)恢復(fù)，原油價(jià)格將降至65美元/桶。使得油價(jià)居高不下的是疫情與減排的大背景之下政策與市場(chǎng)角力的結(jié)果。今天我們就來(lái)看看ChinaDaily關(guān)于汽油價(jià)格的報(bào)道。 {\color{red}{2021年10月，世界銀行發(fā)布一版《大宗商品市場(chǎng)展望》，該報(bào)告呈現(xiàn)了Q3內(nèi)國(guó)際石油和天然氣價(jià)格飆升的趨勢(shì)，并對(duì)未來(lái)油價(jià)走向做出預(yù)測(cè)：2022年原油價(jià)格將繼續(xù)上揚(yáng)，平均將達(dá)到74美元/桶，但到2023年，隨著全球生產(chǎn)恢復(fù)，原油價(jià)格將降至65美元/桶。使得油價(jià)居高不下的是疫情與減排的大背景之下政策與市場(chǎng)角力的結(jié)果。今天我們就來(lái)看看China Daily關(guān)于汽油價(jià)格的報(bào)道。}}

Consumers hit as global gasoline prices soar

國(guó)際汽油價(jià)格飆升，消費(fèi)者承受上漲壓力

By William Hennelly in New York and Yifan Xu in Washington With gasoline prices continuing to surge across the world, there appears to be no relief in sight.

全球范圍內(nèi)，汽油價(jià)格持續(xù)飆升，且毫無(wú)下跌跡象。

Producers that experienced a years long crude oil glut do not look to be in a hurry to bail out consumers as demand rises.

多年來(lái)，諸多石油生產(chǎn)商一直都處于原油供應(yīng)過剩的窘境，而在石油需求激增的當(dāng)下，他們對(duì)消費(fèi)者一點(diǎn)兒也不心慈手軟。

Dan Dicker, a longtime energy trader at the New York Mercantile Exchange, media commentator and founder of The Energy Word newsletter, said, "For those (oil-producing) players that are left, like OPEC and Russia, and the majors here in the United States, theyve got no appetite to ramp up more because they lost money for six years."

紐約商品交易所能源交易領(lǐng)域的老員工、The Energy Word訂閱郵件的創(chuàng)始人、媒體評(píng)論員丹·迪克爾（Dan Dicker）表示，“像石油輸出國(guó)組織（OPEC）、俄羅斯等還在交易市場(chǎng)中的石油生產(chǎn)方，以及美國(guó)的大型石油公司，已經(jīng)連續(xù)六年虧損，因此早就失去了繼續(xù)‘下注’的興趣?！?/p>

Dicker said oil producers have been living "hand to mouth since 2014".

迪克爾表示，諸多石油生產(chǎn)商“自2014年以來(lái)就一直處于捉襟見肘、無(wú)以為繼的狀態(tài)”。

Presidential power

總統(tǒng)權(quán)力

On Tuesday, White House press secretary Jen Psaki said the US administration would continue to push OPEC to increase production.

周二（10月26日），美國(guó)白宮新聞秘書珍·普薩基（Jen Psaki）表示，美國(guó)政府將繼續(xù)推動(dòng)OPEC在石油方面的增產(chǎn)。

In a video interview with China Daily on Tuesday, de Haan said the supply imbalance would support the high price of crude indefinitely.

德·哈恩（de Haan）在周二接受中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)視頻采訪時(shí)表示，供應(yīng)失衡將導(dǎo)致石油一直維持在一個(gè)較高的價(jià)格水平上。

As of Tuesday evening, the average price for a gallon (4.54 liters) of regular gasoline in the US was $3.39, according to the American Automobile Association, or AAA. A year ago, the price was $2.14, according to the EIA.

美國(guó)汽車協(xié)會(huì)（AAA）數(shù)據(jù)顯示，截至周二晚，美國(guó)市場(chǎng)中每加侖（約4.54升）普通汽油的均價(jià)在3.39美元；而據(jù)美國(guó)能源信息署，一年前，每加侖汽油的價(jià)格僅為2.14美元。

With US consumer prices up by more than 5 percent, more-expensive gasoline is stretching many consumers finances.

美國(guó)消費(fèi)者物價(jià)上升超5%之時(shí)，上漲的油價(jià)也在拉扯著消費(fèi)者的“錢袋子”。

Andy Gross, an AAA spokesman, told Fox Business, "The key driver for this recent rise in the price of gas is crude oil, which typically accounts for between 50 percent and 60 percent of the price at the pump."

美國(guó)汽車協(xié)會(huì)發(fā)言人安迪·格羅斯（Andy Gross）對(duì)Fox商業(yè)頻道節(jié)目表示：“原油是近來(lái)天然氣價(jià)格上漲的主要驅(qū)動(dòng)因素，這一因素占當(dāng)前石油公開市場(chǎng)價(jià)的50%-60%。”

High demand

高需求

Demand has been high recently in Europe and Asia, neither of which previously were major natural gas users. Now, their increased demand is straining supply.

近日，歐洲和亞洲市場(chǎng)的天然氣需求高漲，而他們?cè)静⒎翘烊粴獾闹饕M(fèi)市場(chǎng)。但現(xiàn)在，他們?cè)谠摲矫娴男枨蟛粩嘣黾樱M(jìn)而使得天然氣供應(yīng)緊張。

De Haan said: "Challenges in feeding power plants enough coal has China buying plenty of natural gas, oil and coal. And in Europe, the natural gas shortage is boosting oil demand as well, simply because so much electricity can be produced from natural gas. And with the natural gas shortage boosting prices, many are switching to crude oil."

德·哈恩表示：“中國(guó)面臨著為發(fā)電廠供應(yīng)足量煤炭的挑戰(zhàn)，這使得中國(guó)需要購(gòu)買大量天然氣、石油和煤炭。對(duì)于歐洲來(lái)說，因?yàn)樘烊粴饽軌虼罅堪l(fā)電，天然氣需求上漲進(jìn)而造成供應(yīng)短缺、價(jià)格升高，而這又在推動(dòng)石油需求上漲，許多人開始轉(zhuǎn)而消費(fèi)原油。”

The World Bank has signaled that energy prices likely will continue to rise following a surge of more than 80 percent this year, a trend expected to extend well into the second half of next year.

世界銀行表示，今年的能源價(jià)格已飆升超80%，且后續(xù)可能會(huì)繼續(xù)上漲，這一趨勢(shì)預(yù)計(jì)將持續(xù)到明年下半年。

Inflation fears

通脹恐慌

These findings were part of the World Banks Commodity Markets Outlook released on Oct 21. The report said the scenario might trigger a surge in global inflation that could lead to prices of agricultural produce following suit. This could also increase concerns about food security in developing countries.

世界銀行將上述調(diào)查結(jié)果發(fā)表在10月21日的《大宗商品市場(chǎng)展望》中。該報(bào)告還表示，石油價(jià)格飆升可能會(huì)引發(fā)全球通貨膨脹加速，進(jìn)而導(dǎo)致農(nóng)產(chǎn)品價(jià)格攀升，增加發(fā)展中國(guó)家糧食安全的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)系數(shù)。

Reuters quoted Ayhan Kose, chief economist and director of the World Banks Prospects Group, as saying, "The surge in energy prices poses significant near-term risks to global inflation and, if sustained, could also weigh on growth in energy-importing countries.

路透社援引首席經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家、世界銀行前景預(yù)測(cè)局局長(zhǎng)阿伊汗·高斯（Ayhan Kose）的話表示：“能源價(jià)格飆升對(duì)于全球通脹來(lái)說構(gòu)成重大短期風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，這一趨勢(shì)若持續(xù)下去，或?qū)?duì)能源進(jìn)口國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)構(gòu)成壓力?！?/p>

"The sharp rebound in commodity prices is turning out to be more pronounced than previously projected. Recent volatility in prices may complicate policy choices as countries recover from last years global recession."

“由此看來(lái)，大宗商品價(jià)格的大幅反彈比此前預(yù)期更為明顯。隨著各國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)從去年的全球衰退中逐漸復(fù)蘇，近期消費(fèi)品價(jià)格波動(dòng)可能會(huì)使政策制定更加復(fù)雜化?！?/p>

四

俗話說：想致富，先修路。位于金沙江大峽谷深處的阿布洛哈村正是我國(guó)脫貧攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)中一個(gè)重要環(huán)節(jié)。作為全國(guó)最后一個(gè)通公路的建制村，阿布洛哈村的絕壁變成通途，脫貧致富的路只會(huì)越走越寬。阿布洛哈村究竟經(jīng)歷了哪些改變？村民們又將怎樣脫貧呢？今天我們就跟隨的記者去見證中國(guó)最后一個(gè)連接公路系統(tǒng)的建制村。俗話說：“想致富，先修路。”位于金沙江大峽谷深處的阿布洛哈村正是我國(guó)脫貧攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)中一個(gè)重要環(huán)節(jié)。作為全國(guó)最后一個(gè)通公路的建制村，阿布洛哈村的絕壁變成通途，脫貧致富的路只會(huì)越走越寬。阿布洛哈村究竟經(jīng)歷了哪些改變？村民們又將怎樣脫貧呢？今天我們就跟隨ChinaDaily的記者去見證“中國(guó)最后一個(gè)連接公路系統(tǒng)的建制村”。{\color{red}{俗話說：“想致富，先修路?！蔽挥诮鹕辰髰{谷深處的阿布洛哈村正是我國(guó)脫貧攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)中一個(gè)重要環(huán)節(jié)。作為全國(guó)最后一個(gè)通公路的建制村，阿布洛哈村的絕壁變成通途，脫貧致富的路只會(huì)越走越寬。阿布洛哈村究竟經(jīng)歷了哪些改變？村民們又將怎樣脫貧呢？今天我們就跟隨China Daily的記者去見證“中國(guó)最后一個(gè)連接公路系統(tǒng)的建制村”。}}

The last road in China

中國(guó)最后一個(gè)通公路的建制村

By Erik Nilsson

Traveling outside of Abuluoha often meant ripped pants. Thats because the only way out of the village in Butuo county in Sichuan provinces Liangshan Yi autonomous prefecture was a precarious mountain path of loose stones that would cascade down the slopes with every step.

以前，要想走出阿布洛哈村，那就意味著褲子都要磨破，因?yàn)殡x開這個(gè)位于四川省涼山彝族自治州布拖縣的阿布洛哈村的唯一的路是一條崎嶇不平的山路。每走一步，山上那些松動(dòng)的石頭就可能沿著山坡滾落下去。

And villagers, likewise, would also often tumble down the sometimes 90-degree slopes. The perilous trip took eight hours each way.

而阿布洛哈村的村民們，有時(shí)也會(huì)像這些石頭一樣，從接近90度的山坡上跌落。這樣危險(xiǎn)的出村之路單程就需要花費(fèi)八個(gè)小時(shí)。

Villagers surplus walnuts - otherwise a valuable crop - would rot since they couldnt transport them outside to sell. Farmers instead lived off subsistence agriculture, mostly eating coarse corn that would elsewhere be reserved for animal feed, since it could grow in the rocky slopes generally infertile soil.

由于公路不通交通不便，村民們收獲的多余的核桃就會(huì)爛在手里（如果能賣出也不失為一種高價(jià)值的農(nóng)作物）。相反，農(nóng)民以自給農(nóng)業(yè)為生，主要吃粗玉米這種在其他地方被用作動(dòng)物飼料的農(nóng)作物，因?yàn)樗梢栽谑逻@種通常比較貧瘠的土壤中生長(zhǎng)。

Abuluoha also didnt have running water in the early 2000s. So, a scarcity of precipitation caused problems that extended beyond arid cropland.

早在2000年代初期，阿布洛哈村也沒有自來(lái)水。因此，降水稀少所導(dǎo)致的問題比農(nóng)田干旱還要麻煩。

That changed in June of 2020, when a 3.8-kilometer road was completed, and Abuluoha became Chinas final village to connect to the road system. It takes just 15 minutes to drive out of the village and about two hours of jackknifing up and down serrated peaks to reach the nearest town.

而2020年6月，這一切都發(fā)生了改變。伴隨著一條3.8公里的公路建成，阿布洛哈村成為了中國(guó)最后一個(gè)與公路系統(tǒng)相連的村莊。現(xiàn)在，開車出村只需要15分鐘，而在鋸齒般的山峰間上上下下行駛大約兩小時(shí)，就能到達(dá)最近的城鎮(zhèn)。

Abuluoha translates from the Yi language as "a place off the beaten path". But it no longer lives up to this moniker.

阿布洛哈，在彝語(yǔ)中意為“人跡罕至的地方”，但現(xiàn)在這個(gè)名稱已經(jīng)不再適合它了。

The most challenging part of constructing the road was boring two tunnels, around 270 and 360 meters long, respectively, through the mountains.

修建這條公路時(shí)，最具挑戰(zhàn)性的部分是在大山中鑿出兩條分別長(zhǎng)約270米和360米的穿山隧道。

The road also required the construction of a bridge spanning the river next to the village, which farmers previously crossed using ropeways, sometimes with goats and chickens tied to their bodies.

以前，村里的農(nóng)民都是用索道過河，有時(shí)還會(huì)在身上綁著山羊和雞。因此，這條公路工程還需要在村莊附近的河上建一座橋。

"Villagers were skeptical when they heard about the plans to build the road. They didnt believe it was possible, and theyd lived in such isolation for so long, they couldnt imagine living any other way," village chief Jilie Ziri recalls.

村支書吉列子日回憶道：“剛聽說有修路計(jì)劃時(shí)，村民們都不相信。他們覺得這是不可能的，而且他們已經(jīng)在這種與世隔絕的環(huán)境中生活了這么久，他們無(wú)法想象還有其他的生活方式?！?

Behind him, farmers shovel sheep manure around the trunks of orange and mango saplings - high-priced cash crops local farmers hope to use to cultivate new prosperity when they mature in two years, now that they can sell them outside.

而在他的身后，農(nóng)民們正鏟著羊糞，把它們堆在橙子和芒果樹苗周圍。既然現(xiàn)在有了可以把這些水果賣到外界去的路，當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)民就希望，在這些高價(jià)經(jīng)濟(jì)作物在兩年后成熟時(shí)能實(shí)現(xiàn)新的繁榮。

"People were in disbelief when they saw the helicopter fly construction vehicles in," Jilie Ziri says.

吉列子日說：“當(dāng)村民們看到直升機(jī)把施工車輛運(yùn)進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)，他們都覺得難以置信?！?/p>

The settlement hopes to develop tourism as an eco-village, using its status as Chinas last settlement to connect to the road system to conjure a unique appeal among travelers.

阿布洛哈村希望發(fā)展旅游業(yè)，將自己打造為一個(gè)生態(tài)村。他們主打的吸引游客的亮點(diǎn)就是阿布洛哈村作為中國(guó)最后一個(gè)通公路的建制村的特殊身份。

It has built two small exhibition halls showing the process of how the road was built and the transformations it has brought, in buildings constructed according to traditional Yi architecture. The community is also preparing to open its first nongjiale, or rural guesthouse, for tourists.

村中已經(jīng)按照傳統(tǒng)彝族建筑風(fēng)格修建了兩個(gè)小型展廳，以展示這條公路的建造過程及其帶來(lái)的變化。村里還準(zhǔn)備為游客開設(shè)第一家農(nóng)家樂，即一種鄉(xiāng)村民宿。

The motorway has, indeed, proved to be an engine of prosperity. Residents agree the road truly has paved the way for Abuluohas residents to drive development and steer their own destinies.

事實(shí)證明，公路的確是繁榮致富的引擎。阿布洛哈村的村民們一致認(rèn)為，這條公路確實(shí)為他們推動(dòng)發(fā)展、掌握自身命運(yùn)鋪平了道路。

五

今年以來(lái)，受消費(fèi)需求旺盛、供應(yīng)鏈中斷以及外出旅行反彈等多重因素影響，美國(guó)通脹率居高不下，如今達(dá)到了年來(lái)的最高水平，由于供應(yīng)和勞動(dòng)力持續(xù)短缺，并且需求強(qiáng)勁，消費(fèi)者看到各種商品和服務(wù)的價(jià)格都在急劇上漲。這對(duì)于全球經(jīng)濟(jì)意味著什么呢？一起跟隨的報(bào)道一探究竟吧。今年以來(lái)，受消費(fèi)需求旺盛、供應(yīng)鏈中斷以及外出旅行反彈等多重因素影響，美國(guó)通脹率居高不下，如今達(dá)到了31年來(lái)的最高水平，由于供應(yīng)和勞動(dòng)力持續(xù)短缺，并且需求強(qiáng)勁，消費(fèi)者看到各種商品和服務(wù)的價(jià)格都在急劇上漲。這對(duì)于全球經(jīng)濟(jì)意味著什么呢？一起跟隨ChinaDaily的報(bào)道一探究竟吧。 {\color{red}{今年以來(lái)，受消費(fèi)需求旺盛、供應(yīng)鏈中斷以及外出旅行反彈等多重因素影響，美國(guó)通脹率居高不下，如今達(dá)到了31年來(lái)的最高水平，由于供應(yīng)和勞動(dòng)力持續(xù)短缺，并且需求強(qiáng)勁，消費(fèi)者看到各種商品和服務(wù)的價(jià)格都在急劇上漲。這對(duì)于全球經(jīng)濟(jì)意味著什么呢？一起跟隨China Daily的報(bào)道一探究竟吧。}}

US inflation at highest in three decades

美國(guó)通脹水平達(dá)30年來(lái)新高

By Ai Heping in New York and Zhao Huanxin in Washington

US consumers are facing the highest inflation since 1990, with the key rate climbing to 6.2 percent in October, driven by surges in food, gas and housing costs, government data showed on Wednesday. Supply shortages and strong demand also played a role.

周三（11月10日），美國(guó)政府公布的官方數(shù)據(jù)顯示，由于食品、汽油和住房?jī)r(jià)格上漲，美國(guó)消費(fèi)者正面臨著自1990年以來(lái)最高的通脹率（10月份該數(shù)字攀升至6.2%）。供應(yīng)短缺和強(qiáng)勁的需求也起到了一定的作用。

Excluding the volatile food and energy categories, the so-called core prices rose 0.6 percent from September to October in the United States. Core prices are now up 4.6 percent compared with a year ago. In response to the inflationary pressures, US President Joe Biden said in a statement that "reversing this trend is a top priority for me".

剔除波動(dòng)較大的食品和能源價(jià)格，美國(guó)的核心通脹率從9月到10月上漲了0.6%，同比上漲4.6%。面對(duì)通脹壓力，美國(guó)總統(tǒng)喬·拜登（Joe Biden）在一份聲明中說，“扭轉(zhuǎn)這一趨勢(shì)是我的首要任務(wù)”。

The CPI report showed higher prices in October from the previous month for basic necessities. The price for fuel surged 12.3 percent. More moderate were the increases for restaurant meals, rental apartments and medical services, up 0.5 percent.

CPI報(bào)告顯示，10月份必需品的價(jià)格較上個(gè)月有所上漲。燃料價(jià)格飆升了12.3%。餐飲、出租公寓和醫(yī)療服務(wù)的價(jià)格上漲較為溫和，漲幅為0.5%。

Though the US economy is experiencing a strong rebound from the COVID-19 pandemic and spending across the economy has returned to its pre-coronavirus trend, increasing inflation has taken the spotlight. It is eating away at strong gains in wages and salaries and putting pressure on the Biden administration and the Federal Reserve to act.

盡管美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)正從新冠疫情中強(qiáng)勁反彈，整體經(jīng)濟(jì)支出已經(jīng)恢復(fù)到疫情前的趨勢(shì)，但是不斷增長(zhǎng)的通脹卻更令人矚目。通脹侵蝕工資和薪金的強(qiáng)勁增長(zhǎng)，給拜登政府和美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)帶來(lái)了壓力，迫使他們采取行動(dòng)。

Robert Dekle, a professor of economics at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles, told China Daily that the surge in the CPI wasnt surprising "given the massive fiscal spending and monetary expansion since 2020".

洛杉磯南加州大學(xué)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)教授羅伯特·德克爾（Robert Dekle）在《中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)》采訪時(shí)表示，“鑒于2020年以來(lái)的大規(guī)模財(cái)政支出和貨幣擴(kuò)張”，CPI激增并不意外。

Dekle said he doubted that inflation will dip below 3.5 percent before the end of 2022, and that financial markets expect interest rates will rise twice toward the end of 2022. "There is still a lot of uncertainty in the economy owing to COVID. Next year is an election year, and the Fed wouldnt want the economy to slow before November of 2022, which would likely happen if interest rates were raised in the early part of next year," he said.

德克爾表示，他不認(rèn)為通脹率在2022年底前可能會(huì)降到3.5%以下，并且預(yù)計(jì)金融市場(chǎng)將在2022年底前有兩次加息。他說：“由于疫情，經(jīng)濟(jì)中仍有很多不確定性。明年是大選年，美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)不希望經(jīng)濟(jì)在2022年11月之前放緩，但如果在明年年初加息，這就很有可能發(fā)生?！?/p>

Gary Hufbauer, a senior fellow and trade expert at the Peterson Institute for International Economics, told China Daily: "The big story is the drop in labor force participation, about 3 percent or 4 million workers, plus the incredible increase in household income delivered by about $4 trillion of spending in late 2020 and the first half of 2021."

彼得森國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)研究所的高級(jí)研究員和貿(mào)易專家加里·赫夫鮑爾（Gary Hufbauer）告訴《中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)》：“最大的新聞在于勞動(dòng)力參與率下降了大約3%，相當(dāng)于400萬(wàn)人，還有2020年底和2021年上半年約4萬(wàn)億美元的支出給家庭收入帶來(lái)的驚人增長(zhǎng)?！?/p>

More spending is on the way, on top of extreme monetary policy easing, like quantitative easing (QE) and negative real interest rates, so "it would be surprising if we did not have serious inflation", Hufbauer said.

赫夫鮑爾表示，除了量化寬松（QE）和實(shí)際負(fù)利率等極端寬松的貨幣政策以外，還會(huì)出現(xiàn)更多的支出，所以“如果我們沒有嚴(yán)重的通脹倒奇怪了”。

Michelle Meyer, head of US economics at Bank of America, said that the October data is striking for the "broadening of the inflationary pressures". She added: "Its obviously getting uncomfortable for the Fed."

美國(guó)銀行的美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)主管米歇爾·梅耶（Michelle Meyer）表示，10月份的數(shù)據(jù)顯著表明，“通脹壓力正在逐漸擴(kuò)大”。她補(bǔ)充說：“對(duì)美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)來(lái)說，這顯然是逐漸難以接受了?！?/p>

六

{\color{red}{在疫情常態(tài)化的今天，我們似乎已經(jīng)愈加習(xí)慣與新冠病毒共處，但是全球新冠疫情嚴(yán)重流行的態(tài)勢(shì)卻持續(xù)不減。目前北半球各國(guó)已進(jìn)入寒冬，正面臨嚴(yán)峻流感暴發(fā)期。有關(guān)證據(jù)表明，同時(shí)感染流感和新冠病毒的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)仍然存在，且致死率是只感染新冠病毒的兩倍。面對(duì)潛在的雙重疫情，專家再次敲響警鐘。讓我們一起透過本期China Daily精讀文章來(lái)了解情況吧。}}

Experts warn of flu and COVID-19 twindemic

專家提醒民眾警惕流感、新冠“雙重疫情”

By Angus Mcneice in London

Disease specialists have urged the authorities to prepare for a so-called twindemic this winter, where COVID-19 and seasonal influenza outbreaks could increase pressure on health services and cause additional deaths.

疾病專家敦促相關(guān)政府機(jī)構(gòu)為今年冬天所謂的雙重疫情做好準(zhǔn)備，新冠疫情與季節(jié)性流感的暴發(fā)可能會(huì)給公共醫(yī)療服務(wù)帶來(lái)更大壓力，造成更多人死亡。

The term twindemic - which is a portmanteau of "twin" and "pandemic" - was coined last year, when experts first warned of the dual threats of flu and the novel coronavirus.

去年專家首次提醒民眾警惕流感和新型冠狀病毒的雙重威脅，由此，“雙重疫情”這個(gè)詞也就產(chǎn)生了。該詞由“雙重”和“疫情”兩個(gè)詞組合而成。

Flu outbreaks were, in fact, kept to historically low levels last winter in many parts of the world, most likely due to COVID-19 lockdowns, the wearing of masks, hand washing, and social distancing.

事實(shí)上，去年冬天，世界各地的流感暴發(fā)率都保持在歷史低位，這很可能是因?yàn)樾鹿谝咔榉怄i、佩戴口罩、勤洗手和保持社交距離的措施。

But experts are sounding the alarm again in the wake of many governments loosening COVID-19 restrictions.

但是隨著各國(guó)政府逐步放寬新冠疫情的限制措施，專家再次敲響警鐘。

"We are likely to see the flu for the first time in any real numbers, co-circulating with COVID-19," Jenny Harries, chief executive of the United Kingdom Health Security Agency, told Sky News. "The risks of catching both together still remain. And if you do that, then early evidence suggests that you are twice as likely to die from having two together, than just having COVID-19 alone."

英國(guó)衛(wèi)生安全局首席執(zhí)行官珍妮·哈里斯（Jenny Harries）在天空新聞?lì)l道上說道：“流感和新冠病毒同時(shí)傳播的局面很可能首度出現(xiàn)，同時(shí)感染兩者的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)依舊存在。如果有人不幸同時(shí)感染，那么初步證據(jù)顯示，同時(shí)感染流感和新冠病毒的死亡風(fēng)險(xiǎn)是只感染新冠病毒的兩倍。”

A 2020 Public Health England hospital study of seriously ill patients found 43 percent of people with both flu and COVID-19 died, compared to 27 percent of those who tested positive for COVID-19 alone. Of patients in the study who only had the flu, 4.8 percent died.

英國(guó)英格蘭公共衛(wèi)生局于2020年發(fā)表的一份醫(yī)院研究對(duì)重癥患者進(jìn)行了調(diào)查，研究表明，同時(shí)感染流感和新冠病毒的死亡率為43%，而只感染新冠病毒的死亡率為27%。此研究中，只感染流感的死亡率低至4.8%。

Last week, the United States Centers for Disease Control, or CDC, warned that the US was at risk of a severe flu season, since the mild flu season last winter may have led to reduced immunity in the general population.

上周，美國(guó)疾病控制中心警告稱，去年冬天流感患病率較低，這可能導(dǎo)致民眾抵抗力不足，因此美國(guó)面臨著嚴(yán)峻流感暴發(fā)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

The UK government launched a new television commercial last week urging people who are eligible for free flu vaccines and COVID-19 boosters to book their shots ahead of the colder months.

上周，英國(guó)政府推出了一檔新的電視廣告，鼓勵(lì)符合免費(fèi)流感疫苗和新冠疫苗加強(qiáng)針接種資格的民眾在寒冬到來(lái)之前預(yù)約疫苗。

The government said the 2021/22 flu campaign will be the "biggest in history" and that it anticipates the flu will pose a far larger threat this year.

英國(guó)政府表示，2021-2022年度的流感預(yù)防宣傳活動(dòng)將會(huì)是“史上規(guī)模最大的活動(dòng)”，并且政府預(yù)計(jì)今年流感會(huì)造成更大的威脅。

"Not many people got flu last year because of COVID-19 restrictions, so there isnt as much natural immunity in our communities as usual," said Englands deputy chief medical officer, Jonathan Van-Tam. "We will see flu circulating this winter; it might be higher than usual and that makes it a significant public health concern."

英國(guó)副首席醫(yī)療官喬納森·凡-塔姆（Jonathan Van-Tam）說：“去年由于新冠防疫措施的實(shí)施，感染流感的人并不多，因此今年社區(qū)群眾的先天免疫力不如往年高。今年冬天流感會(huì)席卷重來(lái)，感染率可能比往年更高，或?qū)⒁饑?yán)重的公共衛(wèi)生問題。”