疫苗是用來(lái)預(yù)防疾病，尤其是流行性疾病的一種有效方法。隨著新冠肺炎（COVID-19）在全球的感染率居高不下，一些國(guó)家開始采用打疫苗、或接種疫苗的方式來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)免疫。疫苗接種備受關(guān)注,隨著政府批準(zhǔn)國(guó)藥集團(tuán)的一款新冠病毒滅活疫苗上市，北京、武漢等多個(gè)城市已開始對(duì)重點(diǎn)人群有序開展疫苗接種工作。那么今天我們學(xué)習(xí)一下疫苗用英文怎么說呢？

一 、“疫苗”的英文是 vaccine [?v?ksi?n]

coronavirus disease 新冠病毒

例：

Traditionally it might take six to nine months to formulate the right vaccine.

從傳統(tǒng)上來(lái)說，配制出適當(dāng)?shù)囊呙缈赡苄枰辆艂€(gè)月的時(shí)間。

This vaccine protects against some kinds of the bacteria.

這種疫苗能抵抗這些細(xì)菌中的某幾種。

（細(xì)菌的復(fù)數(shù)bacteria [b?k?t??ri?] ，單數(shù)是bacterium [b?k?t??r??m]）

vaccine的動(dòng)詞形式是vaccinate [?v?ks?ne?t] 給…接種疫苗

因?yàn)槭墙臃N疫苗，是被動(dòng)的

所以“打疫苗”可以說get vaccinated

例：

Most people got vaccinated when they were young.

大部分人在小時(shí)候都打過疫苗。

inject 注射

inject vaccine打疫苗

例：

A number of politicians got injected with vaccine on TV.

很多政客都在電視上注射了疫苗。

另外，“打疫苗；接種疫苗”也可以用be vaccinated

例：

The children were vaccinated against the major childhood diseases.

孩子們接種了預(yù)防主要兒童疾病的疫苗。

We are going to the hospital to be vaccinated for the COVID-19.

我們要去醫(yī)院打新冠疫苗。

有的疫苗需要打兩劑 = 2 doses

dose [d??s] (藥的)一劑

a dose of penicillin 一劑青霉素

a dose of vaccine 一劑疫苗

例：

The label says to take one dose three times a day.

標(biāo)簽上寫著每次一劑，每日三次。

二、幾種常見的疫苗名稱：

COVID-19新冠疫苗

Influenza vaccine 流感疫苗

Polio vaccine 小兒麻痹疫苗

Chickenpox vaccine 水痘疫苗

rabies vaccine/tetanus vaccine狂犬病疫苗

pertussis vaccine百日咳疫苗

例：

Little babies should inject vaccine to against disease.

小寶寶應(yīng)該接種疫苗來(lái)抵抗疾病。

三、"免疫"英文怎么說？

01.immune[??mju?n] 形容詞，免疫的

be immune to 對(duì)...免疫

例：

Most people whove had chickenpox once are immune to it for the rest of their lives.

大多數(shù)出過水痘的人終生都對(duì)此病具有免疫力。

02.immunize[??mjuna?z] 動(dòng)詞，使免疫

例：

Vaccines immunize us against smallpox.

疫苗讓我們對(duì)天花免疫。

03.immunity[??mju?n?ti] 名詞，免疫力

例：

The vaccination gives you immunity against the disease for up to six months.

注射這種疫苗會(huì)使你對(duì)這種疾病有長(zhǎng)達(dá)6個(gè)月的免疫。

四、"群體免疫"英文怎么說？

“群體免疫” = herd immunity [h??d ??mju?n?ti]

herd有“人群”的意思

例：

Health officials worry that herd immunity will be threatened as more parents choose not to get vaccinated .

衛(wèi)生官員擔(dān)心，隨著越來(lái)越多的父母選擇不接種疫苗，群體免疫將受到威脅。

Millions of Britons will need to contract COVID-19 for "herd immunity".

數(shù)百萬(wàn)英國(guó)人需要感染新冠病毒來(lái)獲得“群體免疫”。

五、有關(guān)疫情的高頻詞匯

01..novel coronavirus /k?,r?un?vai?r?s/ 新型冠狀病毒

novel同學(xué)們熟悉的意思是“小說”名詞屬性。它還可以作形容詞，意為“新奇的；異常的”。

例：Infection with a novel coronavirus has been implicated as the cause of SARS.

一種新的冠狀病毒已被確定為本病的致病因子。

02.pneumonia /nju??m??ni?/ 肺炎

例；He could heal you of your pneumonia, youd better go to see him as soon as possible.

他可以治好你的肺炎，你最好盡快去找他給你醫(yī)治。

03.pneumonia caused by the novel coronavirus 新型冠狀病毒感染的肺炎

04.quarantine /?kw?r?nti?n/ 隔離

05.incubation /???kju?be??n/ period 潛伏期

06.suspected case 疑似病例

07.confirmed case 確診病例

08.close contact 密切接觸者

09.be under medical observation 接受醫(yī)學(xué)觀察

例：It’s said that he is going to be under medical observation.

據(jù)說他將接受醫(yī)學(xué)觀察。

10.patient in critical condition 重癥患者