泛夫君 本文大概 閱讀需要 6分鐘 總有欲辨忘言、提筆忘字的時(shí)候，平常還能笑一笑溜過去，考場上，就那

泛夫君

本文大概

閱讀需要

6分鐘

總有欲辨忘言、提筆忘字的時(shí)候，平常還能笑一笑溜過去，考場上，就那么容易了。漢語尚且如此，英文更難上加難。其實(shí)，不必死死揪住一個(gè)單詞，可以嘗試轉(zhuǎn)移注意力，想辦法去想替代詞，具體要如何操作呢？可以看看這篇文章的小方法。當(dāng)然，都是臨時(shí)救場的方法，學(xué)扎實(shí)才是王道。

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· 試用籠統(tǒng)詞 ·

英語語言中籠統(tǒng)詞有have、take 等，籠統(tǒng)詞的重要特點(diǎn)在于意義廣泛，搭配性強(qiáng)，構(gòu)成詞組后可以替代眾多具體動(dòng)詞。雖然不能精確表達(dá)一個(gè)動(dòng)作，卻能大致表達(dá)意思。在一些具體動(dòng)詞寫不出來的時(shí)候，用這些籠統(tǒng)詞取代，也能收到異曲同工的效果。

例如：我經(jīng)歷了一個(gè)極其艱苦的時(shí)代。

I experienced a terrible hard time.

這一句中，experience被遺忘時(shí)，用have代替，成為：I had a terrible hard time. 其效果及表達(dá)的意義決不亞于第一句。這樣的例子還很多。如：

Do you understand my meaning, sir? = Do you take my meaning, sir?

I will preside over the meeting. = I will take the meeting.

I will subscribe to the local newspaper. = I will take the local newspaper.

They occupied the city. = They took the city.

The boy resembles his father. = The boy takes after his father.

從以上的例句不難看出，具體詞音節(jié)較多，使用頻率不高，容易遺忘，而籠統(tǒng)詞則不然。因此，在作文應(yīng)試中，籠統(tǒng)詞取代具體詞，不失為一種應(yīng)急良策。

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· 聯(lián)想有關(guān)詞匯·

當(dāng)遺忘產(chǎn)生時(shí)，或遇到未曾學(xué)過的詞時(shí)，應(yīng)采取放射性思維，發(fā)揮想象力，想出一切與之有關(guān)的單詞，利用語言的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，多層次，多角度地運(yùn)用語言。一般情況下，聯(lián)想可按下列思路進(jìn)行：①聯(lián)想同義詞；②聯(lián)想反義詞。

英語語言中眾多的同義詞在許多情況下是可以通用的。利用這一規(guī)律，由于某個(gè)單詞受阻而影響全篇寫作的情況便不會(huì)出現(xiàn)。試看下列句子：

I had a nightmare last night. = I had a bad dream last night.

Nightmare 使用頻率不太高，因此不太好記。而其同義詞bad dream 卻很容易記。以后者取代前者絲毫不影響原句的意義。再比如：I don‘t understand this word. 也可以說成 I don’t know this word.

另外：

He is stupid. = He is foolish. = He is a fool. = He is silly.

The food is delicious. = The food is tasty. = The food is nice to eat.

They discontinued the work at five. = They stopped the work at five.

His temper is nasty. = His temper is terrible. = He has a bad temper.

英語語言中詞與詞之間是有聯(lián)系的，詞與詞之間語義的“共核”現(xiàn)象即所謂的同義詞。豐富的同義詞給我們提供了極大的方便。

同樣，用其反義詞來取代某一遺忘了的詞也是可行的，請(qǐng)看下面的例子：

He is stubborn. = He is not tame.

The knife is blunt. = The knife is not sharp.

This is expensive. = This is not cheap.

She is talkative. = She is never quiet.

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· 試用解釋性語句·

語言的功能在于表達(dá)，而表達(dá)的方式是多種多樣的。當(dāng)一個(gè)詞影響到可以溝通。英語當(dāng)中多功能解釋性語句，就可以起到這一作用。請(qǐng)看下面的句子：

He is a dumb. = He is a person who can not speak.

He refused. = He said “no”.

I’ve never seen such a stubborn person. = I’ve never seen such a person who never listens to other‘s advice.

解釋性語句能幫助我們巧妙地避開一些大詞，難詞，又能使意思表達(dá)流暢，不失為一聰明之舉。